add py13 to tox envlist

upd Run tests section in README.
rename test poe scripts
2026-04-09 08:43:29 +00:00 · 2025-02-13 10:59:20 +00:00 · 2025-01-25 01:49:18 +00:00 · 2025-01-16 20:22:34 +00:00 · 2025-01-16 14:51:20 +00:00 · 2025-01-15 12:40:31 +00:00
35 changed files with 1042 additions and 1055 deletions
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 [![PyPI version](https://badge.fury.io/py/voicemeeter-api.svg)](https://badge.fury.io/py/voicemeeter-api)
 [![License: MIT](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-yellow.svg)](https://github.com/onyx-and-iris/voicemeeter-api-python/blob/dev/LICENSE)
 [![Poetry](https://img.shields.io/endpoint?url=https://python-poetry.org/badge/v0.json)](https://python-poetry.org/)
-[![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/psf/black)
-[![Imports: isort](https://img.shields.io/badge/%20imports-isort-%231674b1?style=flat&labelColor=ef8336)](https://pycqa.github.io/isort/)
 [![Ruff](https://img.shields.io/endpoint?url=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/astral-sh/ruff/main/assets/badge/v2.json)](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff)
 ![Tests Status](./tests/basic.svg?dummy=8484744)
 ![Tests Status](./tests/banana.svg?dummy=8484744)
@@ -46,24 +44,24 @@ class ManyThings:
        self.vm = vm

    def things(self):
-        self.vm.strip[0].label = "podmic"
+        self.vm.strip[0].label = 'podmic'
        self.vm.strip[0].mute = True
        print(
-            f"strip 0 ({self.vm.strip[0].label}) mute has been set to {self.vm.strip[0].mute}"
+            f'strip 0 ({self.vm.strip[0].label}) mute has been set to {self.vm.strip[0].mute}'
        )

    def other_things(self):
        self.vm.bus[3].gain = -6.3
        self.vm.bus[4].eq.on = True
        info = (
-            f"bus 3 gain has been set to {self.vm.bus[3].gain}",
-            f"bus 4 eq has been set to {self.vm.bus[4].eq.on}",
+            f'bus 3 gain has been set to {self.vm.bus[3].gain}',
+            f'bus 4 eq has been set to {self.vm.bus[4].eq.on}',
        )
-        print("\n".join(info))
+        print('\n'.join(info))


 def main():
-    KIND_ID = "banana"
+    KIND_ID = 'banana'

    with voicemeeterlib.api(KIND_ID) as vm:
        do = ManyThings(vm)
@@ -73,18 +71,17 @@ def main():
        # set many parameters at once
        vm.apply(
            {
-                "strip-2": {"A1": True, "B1": True, "gain": -6.0},
-                "bus-2": {"mute": True, "eq": {"on": True}},
-                "button-0": {"state": True},
-                "vban-in-0": {"on": True},
-                "vban-out-1": {"name": "streamname"},
+                'strip-2': {'A1': True, 'B1': True, 'gain': -6.0},
+                'bus-2': {'mute': True, 'eq': {'on': True}},
+                'button-0': {'state': True},
+                'vban-in-0': {'on': True},
+                'vban-out-1': {'name': 'streamname'},
            }
        )


-if __name__ == "__main__":
+if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
-
 ```

 Otherwise you must remember to call `vm.login()`, `vm.logout()` at the start/end of your code.
@@ -151,8 +148,8 @@ Set mute state as value for the app matching name.
 example:

 ```python
-vm.strip[5].appmute("Spotify", True)
-vm.strip[5].appgain("Spotify", 0.5)
+vm.strip[5].appmute('Spotify', True)
+vm.strip[5].appgain('Spotify', 0.5)
 ```

 #### Strip.Comp
@@ -368,7 +365,7 @@ example:

 ```python
 print(vm.strip[0].device.name)
-vm.bus[0].device.asio = "Audient USB Audio ASIO Driver"
+vm.bus[0].device.asio = 'Audient USB Audio ASIO Driver'
 ```

 strip|bus device parameters are defined for physical channels only.
@@ -427,7 +424,7 @@ vm.recorder.B2 = False
 vm.recorder.load(r'C:\music\mytune.mp3')

 # set the goto time to 1m 30s
-vm.recorder.goto("00:01:30")
+vm.recorder.goto('00:01:30')
 ```

 #### Recorder.Mode
@@ -681,11 +678,11 @@ get() may return None if no value for requested key in midi cache
 ```python
 vm.apply(
    {
-        "strip-2": {"A1": True, "B1": True, "gain": -6.0},
-        "bus-2": {"mute": True, "eq": {"on": True}},
-        "button-0": {"state": True},
-        "vban-in-0": {"on": True},
-        "vban-out-1": {"name": "streamname"},
+        'strip-2': {'A1': True, 'B1': True, 'gain': -6.0},
+        'bus-2': {'mute': True, 'eq': {'on': True}},
+        'button-0': {'state': True},
+        'vban-in-0': {'on': True},
+        'vban-out-1': {'name': 'streamname'},
    }
 )
 ```
@@ -693,8 +690,8 @@ vm.apply(
 Or for each class you may do:

 ```python
-vm.strip[0].apply({"mute": True, "gain": 3.2, "A1": True})
-vm.vban.outstream[0].apply({"on": True, "name": "streamname", "bit": 24})
+vm.strip[0].apply({'mute': True, 'gain': 3.2, 'A1': True})
+vm.vban.outstream[0].apply({'on': True, 'name': 'streamname', 'bit': 24})
 ```

 ## Config Files
@@ -795,7 +792,7 @@ The following methods are available:
 example:

 ```python
-vm.event.remove(["pdirty", "mdirty", "midi"])
+vm.event.remove(['pdirty', 'mdirty', 'midi'])

 # get a list of currently subscribed
 print(vm.event.get())
@@ -865,17 +862,19 @@ import voicemeeterlib

 logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)

-with voicemeeterlib.api("banana") as vm:
-        ...
+with voicemeeterlib.api('banana') as vm:
+    ...
 ```


 ### Run tests

-To run all tests:
+Install [poetry](https://python-poetry.org/docs/#installation) and then:

-```
-pytest -v
+```powershell
+poetry poe test-basic
+poetry poe test-banana
+poetry poe test-potato
 ```

 ### Official Documentation
--- a/main.py
+++ b/main.py
@@ -6,24 +6,24 @@ class ManyThings:
        self.vm = vm

    def things(self):
-        self.vm.strip[0].label = "podmic"
+        self.vm.strip[0].label = 'podmic'
        self.vm.strip[0].mute = True
        print(
-            f"strip 0 ({self.vm.strip[0].label}) mute has been set to {self.vm.strip[0].mute}"
+            f'strip 0 ({self.vm.strip[0].label}) mute has been set to {self.vm.strip[0].mute}'
        )

    def other_things(self):
        self.vm.bus[3].gain = -6.3
        self.vm.bus[4].eq.on = True
        info = (
-            f"bus 3 gain has been set to {self.vm.bus[3].gain}",
-            f"bus 4 eq has been set to {self.vm.bus[4].eq.on}",
+            f'bus 3 gain has been set to {self.vm.bus[3].gain}',
+            f'bus 4 eq has been set to {self.vm.bus[4].eq.on}',
        )
-        print("\n".join(info))
+        print('\n'.join(info))


 def main():
-    KIND_ID = "banana"
+    KIND_ID = 'banana'

    with voicemeeterlib.api(KIND_ID) as vm:
        do = ManyThings(vm)
@@ -33,14 +33,14 @@ def main():
        # set many parameters at once
        vm.apply(
            {
-                "strip-2": {"A1": True, "B1": True, "gain": -6.0},
-                "bus-2": {"mute": True, "eq": {"on": True}},
-                "button-0": {"state": True},
-                "vban-in-0": {"on": True},
-                "vban-out-1": {"name": "streamname"},
+                'strip-2': {'A1': True, 'B1': True, 'gain': -6.0},
+                'bus-2': {'mute': True, 'eq': {'on': True}},
+                'button-0': {'state': True},
+                'vban-in-0': {'on': True},
+                'vban-out-1': {'name': 'streamname'},
            }
        )


-if __name__ == "__main__":
+if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
--- a/examples/callbacks/README.md
+++ b/examples/callbacks/README.md
--- a/examples/callbacks/main.py
+++ b/examples/callbacks/main.py
@@ -8,46 +8,46 @@ logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)

 class App:
    def __init__(self, vm):
-        self.vm = vm
+        self._vm = vm
        # register the callbacks for each event
-        self.vm.observer.add(
+        self._vm.observer.add(
            [self.on_pdirty, self.on_mdirty, self.on_ldirty, self.on_midi]
        )

    def __enter__(self):
-        self.vm.init_thread()
+        self._vm.init_thread()
        return self

    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
-        self.vm.end_thread()
+        self._vm.end_thread()

    def on_pdirty(self):
-        print("pdirty!")
+        print('pdirty!')

    def on_mdirty(self):
-        print("mdirty!")
+        print('mdirty!')

    def on_ldirty(self):
-        for bus in self.vm.bus:
+        for bus in self._vm.bus:
            if bus.levels.isdirty:
                print(bus, bus.levels.all)

    def on_midi(self):
-        current = self.vm.midi.current
-        print(f"Value of midi button {current} is {self.vm.midi.get(current)}")
+        current = self._vm.midi.current
+        print(f'Value of midi button {current} is {self._vm.midi.get(current)}')


 def main():
-    KIND_ID = "banana"
+    KIND_ID = 'banana'

    with voicemeeterlib.api(KIND_ID) as vm:
-        with App(vm) as app:
+        with App(vm):
            for i in range(5, 0, -1):
-                print(f"events start in {i} seconds")
+                print(f'events start in {i} seconds')
                time.sleep(1)
-            vm.event.add(["pdirty", "ldirty", "midi", "mdirty"])
+            vm.event.add(['pdirty', 'ldirty', 'midi', 'mdirty'])
            time.sleep(30)


-if __name__ == "__main__":
+if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
--- a/examples/dsl/main.py
+++ b/examples/dsl/main.py
@@ -21,14 +21,14 @@ logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


-argparser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="creates a basic dsl")
-argparser.add_argument("-i", action="store_true")
+argparser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='creates a basic dsl')
+argparser.add_argument('-i', action='store_true')
 args = argparser.parse_args()


 ParamKinds = IntEnum(
-    "ParamKinds",
-    "bool float string",
+    'ParamKinds',
+    'bool float string',
 )


@@ -51,12 +51,12 @@ class BoolStrategy(Strategy):
        """Convert a string representation of truth to it's numeric form."""

        val = val.lower()
-        if val in ("y", "yes", "t", "true", "on", "1"):
+        if val in ('y', 'yes', 't', 'true', 'on', '1'):
            return 1
-        elif val in ("n", "no", "f", "false", "off", "0"):
+        elif val in ('n', 'no', 'f', 'false', 'off', '0'):
            return 0
        else:
-            raise ValueError("invalid truth value %r" % (val,))
+            raise ValueError('invalid truth value %r' % (val,))


 class FloatStrategy(Strategy):
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ class FloatStrategy(Strategy):

 class StringStrategy(Strategy):
    def run(self):
-        setattr(self.target, self.param, " ".join(self.val))
+        setattr(self.target, self.param, ' '.join(self.val))


 class Context:
@@ -86,16 +86,16 @@ class Context:


 class Parser:
-    IS_STRING = ("label",)
+    IS_STRING = ('label',)

    def __init__(self, vm):
        self.logger = logger.getChild(self.__class__.__name__)
        self.vm = vm
        self.kls = Group(OneOrMore(Word(alphanums)))
-        self.token = Suppress("->")
+        self.token = Suppress('->')
        self.param = Group(OneOrMore(Word(alphanums)))
        self.value = Combine(
-            Optional("-") + Word(nums) + Optional(".") + Optional(Word(nums))
+            Optional('-') + Word(nums) + Optional('.') + Optional(Word(nums))
        ) | Group(OneOrMore(Word(alphanums)))
        self.event = (
            self.kls
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ class Parser:

        res = list()
        for cmd in cmds:
-            self.logger.debug(f"running command: {cmd}")
+            self.logger.debug(f'running command: {cmd}')
            match cmd_parsed := self.event.parseString(cmd):
                case [[kls, index], [param]]:
                    target = getattr(self.vm, kls)[int(index)]
@@ -125,13 +125,14 @@ class Parser:
                        context = self._get_context(ParamKinds.bool, target, param, val)
                        context.run()
                    except ValueError as e:
-                        self.logger.error(f"{e}... switching to float strategy")
+                        self.logger.error(f'{e}... switching to float strategy')
                        context.strategy = FloatStrategy(target, param, val)
                        context.run()
                case [
                    [kls, index],
                    [secondary, param],
-                    [val] | val,
+                    [val]
+                    | val,
                ]:
                    primary = getattr(self.vm, kls)[int(index)]
                    target = getattr(primary, secondary)
@@ -139,12 +140,12 @@ class Parser:
                        context = self._get_context(ParamKinds.bool, target, param, val)
                        context.run()
                    except ValueError as e:
-                        self.logger.error(f"{e}... switching to float strategy")
+                        self.logger.error(f'{e}... switching to float strategy')
                        context.strategy = FloatStrategy(target, param, val)
                        context.run()
                case _:
                    self.logger.error(
-                        f"unable to determine the kind of parameter from {cmd_parsed}"
+                        f'unable to determine the kind of parameter from {cmd_parsed}'
                    )
            time.sleep(0.05)
        return res
@@ -165,7 +166,7 @@ class Parser:


 def interactive_mode(parser):
-    while cmd := input("Please enter command (Press <Enter> to exit)\n"):
+    while cmd := input('Please enter command (Press <Enter> to exit)\n'):
        if res := parser.parse((cmd,)):
            print(res)

@@ -183,7 +184,7 @@ def main():
    )
    # fmt: on

-    with voicemeeterlib.api("potato") as vm:
+    with voicemeeterlib.api('potato') as vm:
        parser = Parser(vm)
        if args.i:
            interactive_mode(parser)
@@ -193,5 +194,5 @@ def main():
            print(res)


-if __name__ == "__main__":
+if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
--- a/examples/gui/main.py
+++ b/examples/gui/main.py
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 import logging
+import tkinter as tk
+from tkinter import ttk

 import voicemeeterlib

 logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
-import tkinter as tk
-from tkinter import ttk


 class App(tk.Tk):
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ class App(tk.Tk):

    def __init__(self, vm):
        super().__init__()
-        self.vm = vm
-        self.title(f"{vm} - version {vm.version}")
-        self.vm.observer.add(self.on_ldirty)
+        self._vm = vm
+        self.title(f'{vm} - version {vm.version}')
+        self._vm.observer.add(self.on_ldirty)

        # create widget variables
        self.button_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=vm.strip[self.INDEX].mute)
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@ class App(tk.Tk):

        # initialize style table
        self.style = ttk.Style()
-        self.style.theme_use("clam")
+        self.style.theme_use('clam')
        self.style.configure(
-            "Mute.TButton",
-            foreground="#cd5c5c" if vm.strip[self.INDEX].mute else "#5a5a5a",
+            'Mute.TButton',
+            foreground='#cd5c5c' if vm.strip[self.INDEX].mute else '#5a5a5a',
        )

        # create labelframe and grid it onto the mainframe
-        self.labelframe = tk.LabelFrame(self, text=self.vm.strip[self.INDEX].label)
+        self.labelframe = tk.LabelFrame(self, text=self._vm.strip[self.INDEX].label)
        self.labelframe.grid(padx=1)

        # create slider and grid it onto the labelframe
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class App(tk.Tk):
            self.labelframe,
            from_=12,
            to_=-60,
-            orient="vertical",
+            orient='vertical',
            variable=self.slider_var,
            command=lambda arg: self.on_slider_move(arg),
        )
@@ -47,15 +47,15 @@ class App(tk.Tk):
            column=0,
            row=0,
        )
-        slider.bind("<Double-Button-1>", self.on_button_double_click)
+        slider.bind('<Double-Button-1>', self.on_button_double_click)

        # create level meter and grid it onto the labelframe
        level_meter = ttk.Progressbar(
            self.labelframe,
-            orient="vertical",
+            orient='vertical',
            variable=self.meter_var,
            maximum=72,
-            mode="determinate",
+            mode='determinate',
        )
        level_meter.grid(column=1, row=0)

@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ class App(tk.Tk):
        # create button and grid it onto the labelframe
        button = ttk.Button(
            self.labelframe,
-            text="Mute",
-            style="Mute.TButton",
+            text='Mute',
+            style='Mute.TButton',
            command=lambda: self.on_button_press(),
        )
        button.grid(column=0, row=2, columnspan=2, padx=1, pady=2)
@@ -76,23 +76,23 @@ class App(tk.Tk):

    def on_slider_move(self, *args):
        val = round(self.slider_var.get(), 1)
-        self.vm.strip[self.INDEX].gain = val
+        self._vm.strip[self.INDEX].gain = val
        self.gainlabel_var.set(val)

    def on_button_press(self):
        self.button_var.set(not self.button_var.get())
-        self.vm.strip[self.INDEX].mute = self.button_var.get()
+        self._vm.strip[self.INDEX].mute = self.button_var.get()
        self.style.configure(
-            "Mute.TButton", foreground="#cd5c5c" if self.button_var.get() else "#5a5a5a"
+            'Mute.TButton', foreground='#cd5c5c' if self.button_var.get() else '#5a5a5a'
        )

    def on_button_double_click(self, e):
        self.slider_var.set(0)
        self.gainlabel_var.set(0)
-        self.vm.strip[self.INDEX].gain = 0
+        self._vm.strip[self.INDEX].gain = 0

    def _get_level(self):
-        val = max(self.vm.strip[self.INDEX].levels.postfader)
+        val = max(self._vm.strip[self.INDEX].levels.postfader)
        return 0 if self.button_var.get() else 72 + val - 12

    def on_ldirty(self):
@@ -100,10 +100,10 @@ class App(tk.Tk):


 def main():
-    with voicemeeterlib.api("banana", ldirty=True) as vm:
+    with voicemeeterlib.api('banana', ldirty=True) as vm:
        app = App(vm)
        app.mainloop()


-if __name__ == "__main__":
+if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
--- a/examples/levels/main.py
+++ b/examples/levels/main.py
@@ -7,16 +7,16 @@ logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)


 def main():
-    KIND_ID = "potato"
+    KIND_ID = 'potato'

    vm = voicemeeterlib.api(KIND_ID)
    vm.login()
    for _ in range(500):
        print(
-            "\n".join(
+            '\n'.join(
                [
-                    f"{vm.strip[5]}: {vm.strip[5].levels.postmute}",
-                    f"{vm.bus[0]}: {vm.bus[0].levels.all}",
+                    f'{vm.strip[5]}: {vm.strip[5].levels.postmute}',
+                    f'{vm.bus[0]}: {vm.bus[0].levels.all}',
                ]
            )
        )
@@ -24,5 +24,5 @@ def main():
    vm.logout()


-if __name__ == "__main__":
+if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
--- a/examples/midi/main.py
+++ b/examples/midi/main.py
@@ -10,42 +10,42 @@ class App:
    MACROBUTTON = 0

    def __init__(self, vm):
-        self.vm = vm
-        self.vm.observer.add(self.on_midi)
+        self._vm = vm
+        self._vm.observer.add(self.on_midi)

    def on_midi(self):
        if self.get_info() == self.MIDI_BUTTON:
            self.on_midi_press()

    def get_info(self):
-        current = self.vm.midi.current
-        print(f"Value of midi button {current} is {self.vm.midi.get(current)}")
+        current = self._vm.midi.current
+        print(f'Value of midi button {current} is {self._vm.midi.get(current)}')
        return current

    def on_midi_press(self):
        """if midi button 48 is pressed and strip 3 level max > -40, then set trigger for macrobutton 0"""

        if (
-            self.vm.midi.get(self.MIDI_BUTTON) == 127
-            and max(self.vm.strip[3].levels.postfader) > -40
+            self._vm.midi.get(self.MIDI_BUTTON) == 127
+            and max(self._vm.strip[3].levels.postfader) > -40
        ):
            print(
-                f"Strip 3 level max is greater than -40 and midi button {self.MIDI_BUTTON} is pressed"
+                f'Strip 3 level max is greater than -40 and midi button {self.MIDI_BUTTON} is pressed'
            )
-            self.vm.button[self.MACROBUTTON].trigger = True
+            self._vm.button[self.MACROBUTTON].trigger = True
        else:
-            self.vm.button[self.MACROBUTTON].trigger = False
+            self._vm.button[self.MACROBUTTON].trigger = False


 def main():
-    KIND_ID = "banana"
+    KIND_ID = 'banana'

    with voicemeeterlib.api(KIND_ID, midi=True) as vm:
        App(vm)

-        while cmd := input("Press <Enter> to exit\n"):
+        while _ := input('Press <Enter> to exit\n'):
            pass


-if __name__ == "__main__":
+if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
--- a/examples/obs/main.py
+++ b/examples/obs/main.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import time
+import threading
 from logging import config

 import obsws_python as obsws
@@ -7,91 +7,100 @@ import voicemeeterlib

 config.dictConfig(
    {
-        "version": 1,
-        "formatters": {
-            "standard": {
-                "format": "%(asctime)s,%(msecs)d %(name)s %(levelname)s %(message)s"
+        'version': 1,
+        'formatters': {
+            'standard': {
+                'format': '%(asctime)s,%(msecs)d %(name)s %(levelname)s %(message)s'
            }
        },
-        "handlers": {
-            "stream": {
-                "level": "DEBUG",
-                "class": "logging.StreamHandler",
-                "formatter": "standard",
+        'handlers': {
+            'stream': {
+                'level': 'DEBUG',
+                'class': 'logging.StreamHandler',
+                'formatter': 'standard',
            }
        },
-        "loggers": {
-            "voicemeeterlib.iremote": {"handlers": ["stream"], "level": "DEBUG"}
+        'loggers': {
+            'voicemeeterlib.iremote': {
+                'handlers': ['stream'],
+                'level': 'DEBUG',
+                'propagate': False,
+            }
        },
+        'root': {'handlers': ['stream'], 'level': 'WARNING'},
    }
 )


 class MyClient:
-    def __init__(self, vm):
-        self.vm = vm
-        self.client = obsws.EventClient()
-        self.client.callback.register(
+    def __init__(self, vm, stop_event):
+        self._vm = vm
+        self._stop_event = stop_event
+        self._client = obsws.EventClient()
+        self._client.callback.register(
            (
                self.on_current_program_scene_changed,
                self.on_exit_started,
            )
        )
-        self.is_running = True
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback):
+        self._client.disconnect()

    def on_start(self):
-        self.vm.strip[0].mute = True
-        self.vm.strip[1].B1 = True
-        self.vm.strip[2].B2 = True
+        self._vm.strip[0].mute = True
+        self._vm.strip[1].B1 = True
+        self._vm.strip[2].B2 = True

    def on_brb(self):
-        self.vm.strip[7].fadeto(0, 500)
-        self.vm.bus[0].mute = True
+        self._vm.strip[7].fadeto(0, 500)
+        self._vm.bus[0].mute = True

    def on_end(self):
-        self.vm.apply(
+        self._vm.apply(
            {
-                "strip-0": {"mute": True, "comp": {"ratio": 4.3}},
-                "strip-1": {"mute": True, "B1": False, "gate": {"attack": 2.3}},
-                "strip-2": {"mute": True, "B1": False},
-                "vban-in-0": {"on": False},
+                'strip-0': {'mute': True, 'comp': {'ratio': 4.3}},
+                'strip-1': {'mute': True, 'B1': False, 'gate': {'attack': 2.3}},
+                'strip-2': {'mute': True, 'B1': False},
+                'vban-in-0': {'on': False},
            }
        )

    def on_live(self):
-        self.vm.strip[0].mute = False
-        self.vm.strip[7].fadeto(-6, 500)
-        self.vm.strip[7].A3 = True
-        self.vm.vban.instream[0].on = True
+        self._vm.strip[0].mute = False
+        self._vm.strip[7].fadeto(-6, 500)
+        self._vm.strip[7].A3 = True
+        self._vm.vban.instream[0].on = True

    def on_current_program_scene_changed(self, data):
-        def fget(scene):
-            run = {
-                "START": self.on_start,
-                "BRB": self.on_brb,
-                "END": self.on_end,
-                "LIVE": self.on_live,
-            }
-            return run.get(scene)
-
        scene = data.scene_name
-        print(f"Switched to scene {scene}")
-        if fn := fget(scene):
-            fn()
+        print(f'Switched to scene {scene}')
+        match scene:
+            case 'START':
+                self.on_start()
+            case 'BRB':
+                self.on_brb()
+            case 'END':
+                self.on_end()
+            case 'LIVE':
+                self.on_live()

    def on_exit_started(self, _):
-        self.client.unsubscribe()
-        self.is_running = False
+        self._stop_event.set()


 def main():
-    KIND_ID = "potato"
+    KIND_ID = 'potato'

    with voicemeeterlib.api(KIND_ID) as vm:
-        client = MyClient(vm)
-        while client.is_running:
-            time.sleep(0.1)
+        stop_event = threading.Event()
+
+        with MyClient(vm, stop_event):
+            stop_event.wait()


-if __name__ == "__main__":
+if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
--- a/examples/observer/main.py
+++ b/examples/observer/main.py
@@ -7,39 +7,39 @@ logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)

 class App:
    def __init__(self, vm):
-        self.vm = vm
+        self._vm = vm
        # register your app as event observer
-        self.vm.observer.add(self)
+        self._vm.observer.add(self)

    def __str__(self):
        return type(self).__name__

    # define an 'on_update' callback function to receive event updates
    def on_update(self, event):
-        if event == "pdirty":
-            print("pdirty!")
-        elif event == "mdirty":
-            print("mdirty!")
-        elif event == "ldirty":
-            for bus in self.vm.bus:
+        if event == 'pdirty':
+            print('pdirty!')
+        elif event == 'mdirty':
+            print('mdirty!')
+        elif event == 'ldirty':
+            for bus in self._vm.bus:
                if bus.levels.isdirty:
                    print(bus, bus.levels.all)
-        elif event == "midi":
-            current = self.vm.midi.current
-            print(f"Value of midi button {current} is {self.vm.midi.get(current)}")
+        elif event == 'midi':
+            current = self._vm.midi.current
+            print(f'Value of midi button {current} is {self._vm.midi.get(current)}')


 def main():
-    KIND_ID = "banana"
+    KIND_ID = 'banana'

    with voicemeeterlib.api(
-        KIND_ID, **{k: True for k in ("pdirty", "mdirty", "ldirty", "midi")}
+        KIND_ID, **{k: True for k in ('pdirty', 'mdirty', 'ldirty', 'midi')}
    ) as vm:
        App(vm)

-        while cmd := input("Press <Enter> to exit\n"):
+        while _ := input('Press <Enter> to exit\n'):
            pass


-if __name__ == "__main__":
+if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
--- a/poetry.lock
+++ b/poetry.lock
@@ -1,93 +1,36 @@
-# This file is automatically @generated by Poetry 1.8.2 and should not be changed by hand.
-
-[[package]]
-name = "black"
-version = "24.3.0"
-description = "The uncompromising code formatter."
-optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.8"
-files = [
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp310-cp310-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:7d5e026f8da0322b5662fa7a8e752b3fa2dac1c1cbc213c3d7ff9bdd0ab12395"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp310-cp310-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:9f50ea1132e2189d8dff0115ab75b65590a3e97de1e143795adb4ce317934995"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp310-cp310-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:e2af80566f43c85f5797365077fb64a393861a3730bd110971ab7a0c94e873e7"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp310-cp310-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:4be5bb28e090456adfc1255e03967fb67ca846a03be7aadf6249096100ee32d0"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp311-cp311-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:4f1373a7808a8f135b774039f61d59e4be7eb56b2513d3d2f02a8b9365b8a8a9"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp311-cp311-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:aadf7a02d947936ee418777e0247ea114f78aff0d0959461057cae8a04f20597"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:65c02e4ea2ae09d16314d30912a58ada9a5c4fdfedf9512d23326128ac08ac3d"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp311-cp311-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:bf21b7b230718a5f08bd32d5e4f1db7fc8788345c8aea1d155fc17852b3410f5"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp312-cp312-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:2818cf72dfd5d289e48f37ccfa08b460bf469e67fb7c4abb07edc2e9f16fb63f"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp312-cp312-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:4acf672def7eb1725f41f38bf6bf425c8237248bb0804faa3965c036f7672d11"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp312-cp312-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:c7ed6668cbbfcd231fa0dc1b137d3e40c04c7f786e626b405c62bcd5db5857e4"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp312-cp312-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:56f52cfbd3dabe2798d76dbdd299faa046a901041faf2cf33288bc4e6dae57b5"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp38-cp38-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:79dcf34b33e38ed1b17434693763301d7ccbd1c5860674a8f871bd15139e7837"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp38-cp38-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:e19cb1c6365fd6dc38a6eae2dcb691d7d83935c10215aef8e6c38edee3f77abd"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:65b76c275e4c1c5ce6e9870911384bff5ca31ab63d19c76811cb1fb162678213"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp38-cp38-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:b5991d523eee14756f3c8d5df5231550ae8993e2286b8014e2fdea7156ed0959"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp39-cp39-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:c45f8dff244b3c431b36e3224b6be4a127c6aca780853574c00faf99258041eb"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp39-cp39-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:6905238a754ceb7788a73f02b45637d820b2f5478b20fec82ea865e4f5d4d9f7"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp39-cp39-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:d7de8d330763c66663661a1ffd432274a2f92f07feeddd89ffd085b5744f85e7"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:7bb041dca0d784697af4646d3b62ba4a6b028276ae878e53f6b4f74ddd6db99f"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:41622020d7120e01d377f74249e677039d20e6344ff5851de8a10f11f513bf93"},
-    {file = "black-24.3.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:a0c9c4a0771afc6919578cec71ce82a3e31e054904e7197deacbc9382671c41f"},
-]
-
-[package.dependencies]
-click = ">=8.0.0"
-mypy-extensions = ">=0.4.3"
-packaging = ">=22.0"
-pathspec = ">=0.9.0"
-platformdirs = ">=2"
-tomli = {version = ">=1.1.0", markers = "python_version < \"3.11\""}
-typing-extensions = {version = ">=4.0.1", markers = "python_version < \"3.11\""}
-
-[package.extras]
-colorama = ["colorama (>=0.4.3)"]
-d = ["aiohttp (>=3.7.4)", "aiohttp (>=3.7.4,!=3.9.0)"]
-jupyter = ["ipython (>=7.8.0)", "tokenize-rt (>=3.2.0)"]
-uvloop = ["uvloop (>=0.15.2)"]
+# This file is automatically @generated by Poetry 2.0.1 and should not be changed by hand.

 [[package]]
 name = "cachetools"
-version = "5.3.1"
+version = "5.5.0"
 description = "Extensible memoizing collections and decorators"
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.7"
+groups = ["dev"]
 files = [
-    {file = "cachetools-5.3.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:95ef631eeaea14ba2e36f06437f36463aac3a096799e876ee55e5cdccb102590"},
-    {file = "cachetools-5.3.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:dce83f2d9b4e1f732a8cd44af8e8fab2dbe46201467fc98b3ef8f269092bf62b"},
+    {file = "cachetools-5.5.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:02134e8439cdc2ffb62023ce1debca2944c3f289d66bb17ead3ab3dede74b292"},
+    {file = "cachetools-5.5.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:2cc24fb4cbe39633fb7badd9db9ca6295d766d9c2995f245725a46715d050f2a"},
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "chardet"
-version = "5.1.0"
+version = "5.2.0"
 description = "Universal encoding detector for Python 3"
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.7"
+groups = ["dev"]
 files = [
-    {file = "chardet-5.1.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:362777fb014af596ad31334fde1e8c327dfdb076e1960d1694662d46a6917ab9"},
-    {file = "chardet-5.1.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:0d62712b956bc154f85fb0a266e2a3c5913c2967e00348701b32411d6def31e5"},
+    {file = "chardet-5.2.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:e1cf59446890a00105fe7b7912492ea04b6e6f06d4b742b2c788469e34c82970"},
+    {file = "chardet-5.2.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:1b3b6ff479a8c414bc3fa2c0852995695c4a026dcd6d0633b2dd092ca39c1cf7"},
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "click"
-version = "8.1.3"
-description = "Composable command line interface toolkit"
-optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.7"
-files = [
-    {file = "click-8.1.3-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:bb4d8133cb15a609f44e8213d9b391b0809795062913b383c62be0ee95b1db48"},
-    {file = "click-8.1.3.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:7682dc8afb30297001674575ea00d1814d808d6a36af415a82bd481d37ba7b8e"},
-]
-
-[package.dependencies]
-colorama = {version = "*", markers = "platform_system == \"Windows\""}
-
 [[package]]
 name = "colorama"
 version = "0.4.6"
 description = "Cross-platform colored terminal text."
 optional = false
 python-versions = "!=3.0.*,!=3.1.*,!=3.2.*,!=3.3.*,!=3.4.*,!=3.5.*,!=3.6.*,>=2.7"
+groups = ["dev"]
 files = [
    {file = "colorama-0.4.6-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:4f1d9991f5acc0ca119f9d443620b77f9d6b33703e51011c16baf57afb285fc6"},
    {file = "colorama-0.4.6.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:08695f5cb7ed6e0531a20572697297273c47b8cae5a63ffc6d6ed5c201be6e44"},
@@ -95,24 +38,27 @@ files = [

 [[package]]
 name = "distlib"
-version = "0.3.6"
+version = "0.3.9"
 description = "Distribution utilities"
 optional = false
 python-versions = "*"
+groups = ["dev"]
 files = [
-    {file = "distlib-0.3.6-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:f35c4b692542ca110de7ef0bea44d73981caeb34ca0b9b6b2e6d7790dda8f80e"},
-    {file = "distlib-0.3.6.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:14bad2d9b04d3a36127ac97f30b12a19268f211063d8f8ee4f47108896e11b46"},
+    {file = "distlib-0.3.9-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:47f8c22fd27c27e25a65601af709b38e4f0a45ea4fc2e710f65755fa8caaaf87"},
+    {file = "distlib-0.3.9.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:a60f20dea646b8a33f3e7772f74dc0b2d0772d2837ee1342a00645c81edf9403"},
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "exceptiongroup"
-version = "1.1.1"
+version = "1.2.2"
 description = "Backport of PEP 654 (exception groups)"
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.7"
+groups = ["dev"]
+markers = "python_version < \"3.11\""
 files = [
-    {file = "exceptiongroup-1.1.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:232c37c63e4f682982c8b6459f33a8981039e5fb8756b2074364e5055c498c9e"},
-    {file = "exceptiongroup-1.1.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:d484c3090ba2889ae2928419117447a14daf3c1231d5e30d0aae34f354f01785"},
+    {file = "exceptiongroup-1.2.2-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:3111b9d131c238bec2f8f516e123e14ba243563fb135d3fe885990585aa7795b"},
+    {file = "exceptiongroup-1.2.2.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:47c2edf7c6738fafb49fd34290706d1a1a2f4d1c6df275526b62cbb4aa5393cc"},
 ]

 [package.extras]
@@ -120,18 +66,20 @@ test = ["pytest (>=6)"]

 [[package]]
 name = "filelock"
-version = "3.12.2"
+version = "3.16.1"
 description = "A platform independent file lock."
 optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.7"
+python-versions = ">=3.8"
+groups = ["dev"]
 files = [
-    {file = "filelock-3.12.2-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:cbb791cdea2a72f23da6ac5b5269ab0a0d161e9ef0100e653b69049a7706d1ec"},
-    {file = "filelock-3.12.2.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:002740518d8aa59a26b0c76e10fb8c6e15eae825d34b6fdf670333fd7b938d81"},
+    {file = "filelock-3.16.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:2082e5703d51fbf98ea75855d9d5527e33d8ff23099bec374a134febee6946b0"},
+    {file = "filelock-3.16.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:c249fbfcd5db47e5e2d6d62198e565475ee65e4831e2561c8e313fa7eb961435"},
 ]

 [package.extras]
-docs = ["furo (>=2023.5.20)", "sphinx (>=7.0.1)", "sphinx-autodoc-typehints (>=1.23,!=1.23.4)"]
-testing = ["covdefaults (>=2.3)", "coverage (>=7.2.7)", "diff-cover (>=7.5)", "pytest (>=7.3.1)", "pytest-cov (>=4.1)", "pytest-mock (>=3.10)", "pytest-timeout (>=2.1)"]
+docs = ["furo (>=2024.8.6)", "sphinx (>=8.0.2)", "sphinx-autodoc-typehints (>=2.4.1)"]
+testing = ["covdefaults (>=2.3)", "coverage (>=7.6.1)", "diff-cover (>=9.2)", "pytest (>=8.3.3)", "pytest-asyncio (>=0.24)", "pytest-cov (>=5)", "pytest-mock (>=3.14)", "pytest-timeout (>=2.3.1)", "virtualenv (>=20.26.4)"]
+typing = ["typing-extensions (>=4.12.2)"]

 [[package]]
 name = "iniconfig"
@@ -139,119 +87,99 @@ version = "2.0.0"
 description = "brain-dead simple config-ini parsing"
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.7"
+groups = ["dev"]
 files = [
    {file = "iniconfig-2.0.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:b6a85871a79d2e3b22d2d1b94ac2824226a63c6b741c88f7ae975f18b6778374"},
    {file = "iniconfig-2.0.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:2d91e135bf72d31a410b17c16da610a82cb55f6b0477d1a902134b24a455b8b3"},
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "isort"
-version = "5.12.0"
-description = "A Python utility / library to sort Python imports."
-optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.8.0"
-files = [
-    {file = "isort-5.12.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:f84c2818376e66cf843d497486ea8fed8700b340f308f076c6fb1229dff318b6"},
-    {file = "isort-5.12.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:8bef7dde241278824a6d83f44a544709b065191b95b6e50894bdc722fcba0504"},
-]
-
-[package.extras]
-colors = ["colorama (>=0.4.3)"]
-pipfile-deprecated-finder = ["pip-shims (>=0.5.2)", "pipreqs", "requirementslib"]
-plugins = ["setuptools"]
-requirements-deprecated-finder = ["pip-api", "pipreqs"]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "mypy-extensions"
-version = "1.0.0"
-description = "Type system extensions for programs checked with the mypy type checker."
-optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.5"
-files = [
-    {file = "mypy_extensions-1.0.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:4392f6c0eb8a5668a69e23d168ffa70f0be9ccfd32b5cc2d26a34ae5b844552d"},
-    {file = "mypy_extensions-1.0.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:75dbf8955dc00442a438fc4d0666508a9a97b6bd41aa2f0ffe9d2f2725af0782"},
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "packaging"
-version = "23.1"
+version = "24.2"
 description = "Core utilities for Python packages"
 optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.7"
+python-versions = ">=3.8"
+groups = ["dev"]
 files = [
-    {file = "packaging-23.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:994793af429502c4ea2ebf6bf664629d07c1a9fe974af92966e4b8d2df7edc61"},
-    {file = "packaging-23.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:a392980d2b6cffa644431898be54b0045151319d1e7ec34f0cfed48767dd334f"},
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "pathspec"
-version = "0.11.1"
-description = "Utility library for gitignore style pattern matching of file paths."
-optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.7"
-files = [
-    {file = "pathspec-0.11.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:d8af70af76652554bd134c22b3e8a1cc46ed7d91edcdd721ef1a0c51a84a5293"},
-    {file = "pathspec-0.11.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:2798de800fa92780e33acca925945e9a19a133b715067cf165b8866c15a31687"},
+    {file = "packaging-24.2-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:09abb1bccd265c01f4a3aa3f7a7db064b36514d2cba19a2f694fe6150451a759"},
+    {file = "packaging-24.2.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:c228a6dc5e932d346bc5739379109d49e8853dd8223571c7c5b55260edc0b97f"},
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "platformdirs"
-version = "3.6.0"
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 testing = ["pytest", "pytest-benchmark"]

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 [[package]]
 name = "pytest"
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+version = "8.3.4"
 description = "pytest: simple powerful testing with Python"
 optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.7"
+python-versions = ">=3.8"
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+    {file = "tomli-2.2.1-cp312-cp312-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:b82ebccc8c8a36f2094e969560a1b836758481f3dc360ce9a3277c65f374285e"},
+    {file = "tomli-2.2.1-cp312-cp312-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:889f80ef92701b9dbb224e49ec87c645ce5df3fa2cc548664eb8a25e03127a98"},
+    {file = "tomli-2.2.1-cp312-cp312-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:7fc04e92e1d624a4a63c76474610238576942d6b8950a2d7f908a340494e67e4"},
+    {file = "tomli-2.2.1-cp313-cp313-macosx_10_13_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:f4039b9cbc3048b2416cc57ab3bda989a6fcf9b36cf8937f01a6e731b64f80d7"},
+    {file = "tomli-2.2.1-cp313-cp313-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:286f0ca2ffeeb5b9bd4fcc8d6c330534323ec51b2f52da063b11c502da16f30c"},
+    {file = "tomli-2.2.1-cp313-cp313-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:a92ef1a44547e894e2a17d24e7557a5e85a9e1d0048b0b5e7541f76c5032cb13"},
+    {file = "tomli-2.2.1-cp313-cp313-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:9316dc65bed1684c9a98ee68759ceaed29d229e985297003e494aa825ebb0281"},
+    {file = "tomli-2.2.1-cp313-cp313-manylinux_2_5_i686.manylinux1_i686.manylinux_2_17_i686.manylinux2014_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:e85e99945e688e32d5a35c1ff38ed0b3f41f43fad8df0bdf79f72b2ba7bc5272"},
+    {file = "tomli-2.2.1-cp313-cp313-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:ac065718db92ca818f8d6141b5f66369833d4a80a9d74435a268c52bdfa73140"},
+    {file = "tomli-2.2.1-cp313-cp313-musllinux_1_2_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:d920f33822747519673ee656a4b6ac33e382eca9d331c87770faa3eef562aeb2"},
+    {file = "tomli-2.2.1-cp313-cp313-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:a198f10c4d1b1375d7687bc25294306e551bf1abfa4eace6650070a5c1ae2744"},
+    {file = "tomli-2.2.1-cp313-cp313-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:d3f5614314d758649ab2ab3a62d4f2004c825922f9e370b29416484086b264ec"},
+    {file = "tomli-2.2.1-cp313-cp313-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:a38aa0308e754b0e3c67e344754dff64999ff9b513e691d0e786265c93583c69"},
+    {file = "tomli-2.2.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:cb55c73c5f4408779d0cf3eef9f762b9c9f147a77de7b258bef0a5628adc85cc"},
+    {file = "tomli-2.2.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:cd45e1dc79c835ce60f7404ec8119f2eb06d38b1deba146f07ced3bbc44505ff"},
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "tox"
-version = "4.6.3"
+version = "4.23.2"
 description = "tox is a generic virtualenv management and test command line tool"
 optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.7"
+python-versions = ">=3.8"
+groups = ["dev"]
 files = [
-    {file = "tox-4.6.3-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:2946a0bb38924c3a9f9575c7fb4ca1f4c11a7c69c61592f176778892155cb50c"},
-    {file = "tox-4.6.3.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:9e2c5091a117d03b583c57c4c40aecd068099c17d40520e7b165e85c19334534"},
+    {file = "tox-4.23.2-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:452bc32bb031f2282881a2118923176445bac783ab97c874b8770ab4c3b76c38"},
+    {file = "tox-4.23.2.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:86075e00e555df6e82e74cfc333917f91ecb47ffbc868dcafbd2672e332f4a2c"},
 ]

 [package.dependencies]
-cachetools = ">=5.3.1"
-chardet = ">=5.1"
+cachetools = ">=5.5"
+chardet = ">=5.2"
 colorama = ">=0.4.6"
-filelock = ">=3.12.2"
-packaging = ">=23.1"
-platformdirs = ">=3.5.3"
-pluggy = ">=1"
-pyproject-api = ">=1.5.2"
+filelock = ">=3.16.1"
+packaging = ">=24.1"
+platformdirs = ">=4.3.6"
+pluggy = ">=1.5"
+pyproject-api = ">=1.8"
 tomli = {version = ">=2.0.1", markers = "python_version < \"3.11\""}
-virtualenv = ">=20.23.1"
+typing-extensions = {version = ">=4.12.2", markers = "python_version < \"3.11\""}
+virtualenv = ">=20.26.6"

 [package.extras]
-docs = ["furo (>=2023.5.20)", "sphinx (>=7.0.1)", "sphinx-argparse-cli (>=1.11.1)", "sphinx-autodoc-typehints (>=1.23.2,!=1.23.4)", "sphinx-copybutton (>=0.5.2)", "sphinx-inline-tabs (>=2023.4.21)", "sphinxcontrib-towncrier (>=0.2.1a0)", "towncrier (>=23.6)"]
-testing = ["build[virtualenv] (>=0.10)", "covdefaults (>=2.3)", "detect-test-pollution (>=1.1.1)", "devpi-process (>=0.3.1)", "diff-cover (>=7.6)", "distlib (>=0.3.6)", "flaky (>=3.7)", "hatch-vcs (>=0.3)", "hatchling (>=1.17.1)", "psutil (>=5.9.5)", "pytest (>=7.3.2)", "pytest-cov (>=4.1)", "pytest-mock (>=3.11.1)", "pytest-xdist (>=3.3.1)", "re-assert (>=1.1)", "time-machine (>=2.10)", "wheel (>=0.40)"]
+test = ["devpi-process (>=1.0.2)", "pytest (>=8.3.3)", "pytest-mock (>=3.14)"]

 [[package]]
 name = "typing-extensions"
-version = "4.10.0"
+version = "4.12.2"
 description = "Backported and Experimental Type Hints for Python 3.8+"
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.8"
+groups = ["dev"]
+markers = "python_version < \"3.11\""
 files = [
-    {file = "typing_extensions-4.10.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:69b1a937c3a517342112fb4c6df7e72fc39a38e7891a5730ed4985b5214b5475"},
-    {file = "typing_extensions-4.10.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:b0abd7c89e8fb96f98db18d86106ff1d90ab692004eb746cf6eda2682f91b3cb"},
+    {file = "typing_extensions-4.12.2-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:04e5ca0351e0f3f85c6853954072df659d0d13fac324d0072316b67d7794700d"},
+    {file = "typing_extensions-4.12.2.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:1a7ead55c7e559dd4dee8856e3a88b41225abfe1ce8df57b7c13915fe121ffb8"},
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "virtualenv"
-version = "20.23.1"
+version = "20.28.1"
 description = "Virtual Python Environment builder"
 optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.7"
+python-versions = ">=3.8"
+groups = ["dev"]
 files = [
-    {file = "virtualenv-20.23.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:34da10f14fea9be20e0fd7f04aba9732f84e593dac291b757ce42e3368a39419"},
-    {file = "virtualenv-20.23.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:8ff19a38c1021c742148edc4f81cb43d7f8c6816d2ede2ab72af5b84c749ade1"},
+    {file = "virtualenv-20.28.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:412773c85d4dab0409b83ec36f7a6499e72eaf08c80e81e9576bca61831c71cb"},
+    {file = "virtualenv-20.28.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:5d34ab240fdb5d21549b76f9e8ff3af28252f5499fb6d6f031adac4e5a8c5329"},
 ]

 [package.dependencies]
-distlib = ">=0.3.6,<1"
-filelock = ">=3.12,<4"
-platformdirs = ">=3.5.1,<4"
+distlib = ">=0.3.7,<1"
+filelock = ">=3.12.2,<4"
+platformdirs = ">=3.9.1,<5"

 [package.extras]
-docs = ["furo (>=2023.5.20)", "proselint (>=0.13)", "sphinx (>=7.0.1)", "sphinx-argparse (>=0.4)", "sphinxcontrib-towncrier (>=0.2.1a0)", "towncrier (>=23.6)"]
-test = ["covdefaults (>=2.3)", "coverage (>=7.2.7)", "coverage-enable-subprocess (>=1)", "flaky (>=3.7)", "packaging (>=23.1)", "pytest (>=7.3.1)", "pytest-env (>=0.8.1)", "pytest-freezer (>=0.4.6)", "pytest-mock (>=3.10)", "pytest-randomly (>=3.12)", "pytest-timeout (>=2.1)", "setuptools (>=67.8)", "time-machine (>=2.9)"]
+docs = ["furo (>=2023.7.26)", "proselint (>=0.13)", "sphinx (>=7.1.2,!=7.3)", "sphinx-argparse (>=0.4)", "sphinxcontrib-towncrier (>=0.2.1a0)", "towncrier (>=23.6)"]
+test = ["covdefaults (>=2.3)", "coverage (>=7.2.7)", "coverage-enable-subprocess (>=1)", "flaky (>=3.7)", "packaging (>=23.1)", "pytest (>=7.4)", "pytest-env (>=0.8.2)", "pytest-freezer (>=0.4.8)", "pytest-mock (>=3.11.1)", "pytest-randomly (>=3.12)", "pytest-timeout (>=2.1)", "setuptools (>=68)", "time-machine (>=2.10)"]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "virtualenv-pyenv"
+version = "0.5.0"
+description = "A virtualenv Python discovery plugin for pyenv-installed interpreters"
+optional = false
+python-versions = ">=3.8"
+groups = ["dev"]
+files = [
+    {file = "virtualenv-pyenv-0.5.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:7b0e5fe3dfbdf484f4cf9b01e1f98111e398db6942237910f666356e6293597f"},
+    {file = "virtualenv_pyenv-0.5.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:21750247e36c55b3c547cfdeb08f51a3867fe7129922991a4f9c96980c0a4a5d"},
+]
+
+[package.dependencies]
+pyenv-inspect = ">=0.4,<0.5"
+virtualenv = "*"

 [metadata]
-lock-version = "2.0"
-python-versions = "^3.10"
-content-hash = "d4193db5ebc240288a21da72fa78788dfb71c08b6ecd25e365ce7fb1b0f27ac4"
+lock-version = "2.1"
+python-versions = ">=3.10"
+content-hash = "6339967c3f6cad8e4db7047ef3d12a5b059a279d0f7c98515c961477680bab8f"
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -1,114 +1,81 @@
-[tool.poetry]
+[project]
 name = "voicemeeter-api"
-version = "2.6.0"
+version = "2.6.1"
 description = "A Python wrapper for the Voiceemeter API"
-authors = ["onyx-and-iris <code@onyxandiris.online>"]
-license = "MIT"
+authors = [
+    {name = "Onyx and Iris",email = "code@onyxandiris.online"}
+]
+license = {text = "MIT"}
 readme = "README.md"
-repository = "https://github.com/onyx-and-iris/voicemeeter-api-python"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
+dependencies = [
+    "tomli (>=2.0.1,<3.0) ; python_version < '3.11'",
+]

+[tool.poetry]
 packages = [{ include = "voicemeeterlib" }]

-[tool.poetry.dependencies]
-python = "^3.10"
-tomli = { version = "^2.0.1", python = "<3.11" }
+[tool.poetry.requires-plugins]
+poethepoet = "^0.32.1"

 [tool.poetry.group.dev.dependencies]
-pytest = "^7.4.4"
-pytest-randomly = "^3.12.0"
-pytest-repeat = "^0.9.1"
-black = ">=22.3,<25.0"
-isort = "^5.10.1"
-tox = "^4.6.3"
-ruff = "^0.1.3"
+pytest = "^8.3.4"
+pytest-randomly = "^3.16.0"
+ruff = "^0.8.6"
+tox = "^4.23.2"
+virtualenv-pyenv = "^0.5.0"

 [build-system]
-requires = ["poetry-core>=1.0.0"]
+requires = ["poetry-core>=2.0.0,<3.0.0"]
 build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"

-[tool.poetry.scripts]
-dsl = "scripts:ex_dsl"
-events = "scripts:ex_events"
-gui = "scripts:ex_gui"
-levels = "scripts:ex_levels"
-midi = "scripts:ex_midi"
-obs = "scripts:ex_obs"
-observer = "scripts:ex_observer"
-basic = "scripts:test_basic"
-banana = "scripts:test_banana"
-potato = "scripts:test_potato"
-all = "scripts:test_all"
+[tool.poe.tasks]
+dsl.script = "scripts:ex_dsl"
+callbacks.script = "scripts:ex_callbacks"
+gui.script = "scripts:ex_gui"
+levels.script = "scripts:ex_levels"
+midi.script = "scripts:ex_midi"
+obs.script = "scripts:ex_obs"
+observer.script = "scripts:ex_observer"
+test-basic.script = "scripts:test_basic"
+test-banana.script = "scripts:test_banana"
+test-potato.script = "scripts:test_potato"
+test-all.script = "scripts:test_all"

 [tool.tox]
 legacy_tox_ini = """
-[tox]
-envlist = py310,py311,py312
+    [tox]
+    envlist = py310,py311,py312,py313

-[testenv]
-allowlist_externals = poetry
-commands =
-  poetry install -v
-  poetry run pytest tests/
+    [testenv]
+    passenv = *
+    setenv = VIRTUALENV_DISCOVERY=pyenv
+    allowlist_externals = poetry
+    commands_pre =
+      poetry install --no-interaction --no-root
+    commands =
+      poetry run pytest tests
+
+    [testenv:dsl]
+    setenv = VIRTUALENV_DISCOVERY=pyenv
+    allowlist_externals = poetry
+    deps = pyparsing
+    commands_pre =
+      poetry install --no-interaction --no-root --without dev
+    commands =
+      poetry run python examples/dsl
+
+    [testenv:obs]
+    setenv = VIRTUALENV_DISCOVERY=pyenv
+    allowlist_externals = poetry
+    deps = obsws-python
+    commands_pre =
+      poetry install --no-interaction --no-root --without dev
+    commands =
+      poetry run python examples/obs
 """

-[tool.black]
-line-length = 88
-
 [tool.ruff]
-select = [
-    "E",
-    "F",
-]
-ignore = [
-    "E501",
-]
-fixable = [
-    "A",
-    "B",
-    "C",
-    "D",
-    "E",
-    "F",
-    "G",
-    "I",
-    "N",
-    "Q",
-    "S",
-    "T",
-    "W",
-    "ANN",
-    "ARG",
-    "BLE",
-    "COM",
-    "DJ",
-    "DTZ",
-    "EM",
-    "ERA",
-    "EXE",
-    "FBT",
-    "ICN",
-    "INP",
-    "ISC",
-    "NPY",
-    "PD",
-    "PGH",
-    "PIE",
-    "PL",
-    "PT",
-    "PTH",
-    "PYI",
-    "RET",
-    "RSE",
-    "RUF",
-    "SIM",
-    "SLF",
-    "TCH",
-    "TID",
-    "TRY",
-    "UP",
-    "YTT",
-]
-unfixable = []
 exclude = [
    ".bzr",
    ".direnv",
@@ -132,14 +99,62 @@ exclude = [
    "node_modules",
    "venv",
 ]
+
+# Same as Black.
 line-length = 88
-dummy-variable-rgx = "^(_+|(_+[a-zA-Z0-9_]*[a-zA-Z0-9]+?))$"
+indent-width = 4
+
+# Assume Python 3.10
 target-version = "py310"

-[tool.ruff.mccabe]
+[tool.ruff.lint]
+# Enable Pyflakes (`F`) and a subset of the pycodestyle (`E`)  codes by default.
+# Enable flake8-errmsg (EM) warnings.
+# Enable flake8-bugbear (B) warnings.
+# Unlike Flake8, Ruff doesn't enable pycodestyle warnings (`W`) or
+# McCabe complexity (`C901`) by default.
+select = ["E4", "E7", "E9", "EM", "F", "B"]
+ignore = []
+
+# Allow fix for all enabled rules (when `--fix`) is provided.
+fixable = ["ALL"]
+unfixable = ["B"]
+
+# Allow unused variables when underscore-prefixed.
+dummy-variable-rgx = "^(_+|(_+[a-zA-Z0-9_]*[a-zA-Z0-9]+?))$"
+
+
+[tool.ruff.format]
+# Unlike Black, use single quotes for strings.
+quote-style = "single"
+
+# Like Black, indent with spaces, rather than tabs.
+indent-style = "space"
+
+# Like Black, respect magic trailing commas.
+skip-magic-trailing-comma = false
+
+# Like Black, automatically detect the appropriate line ending.
+line-ending = "auto"
+
+# Enable auto-formatting of code examples in docstrings. Markdown,
+# reStructuredText code/literal blocks and doctests are all supported.
+#
+# This is currently disabled by default, but it is planned for this
+# to be opt-out in the future.
+docstring-code-format = false
+
+# Set the line length limit used when formatting code snippets in
+# docstrings.
+#
+# This only has an effect when the `docstring-code-format` setting is
+# enabled.
+docstring-code-line-length = "dynamic"
+
+[tool.ruff.lint.mccabe]
 max-complexity = 10

-[tool.ruff.per-file-ignores]
+[tool.ruff.lint.per-file-ignores]
 "__init__.py" = [
    "E402",
    "F401",
--- a/scripts.py
+++ b/scripts.py
@@ -5,55 +5,51 @@ from pathlib import Path


 def ex_dsl():
-    scriptpath = Path.cwd() / "examples" / "dsl" / "."
-    subprocess.run([sys.executable, str(scriptpath)])
+    subprocess.run(['tox', 'r', '-e', 'dsl'])


-def ex_events():
-    scriptpath = Path.cwd() / "examples" / "events" / "."
+def ex_callbacks():
+    scriptpath = Path.cwd() / 'examples' / 'callbacks' / '.'
    subprocess.run([sys.executable, str(scriptpath)])


 def ex_gui():
-    scriptpath = Path.cwd() / "examples" / "gui" / "."
+    scriptpath = Path.cwd() / 'examples' / 'gui' / '.'
    subprocess.run([sys.executable, str(scriptpath)])


 def ex_levels():
-    scriptpath = Path.cwd() / "examples" / "levels" / "."
+    scriptpath = Path.cwd() / 'examples' / 'levels' / '.'
    subprocess.run([sys.executable, str(scriptpath)])


 def ex_midi():
-    scriptpath = Path.cwd() / "examples" / "midi" / "."
+    scriptpath = Path.cwd() / 'examples' / 'midi' / '.'
    subprocess.run([sys.executable, str(scriptpath)])


 def ex_obs():
-    scriptpath = Path.cwd() / "examples" / "obs" / "."
-    subprocess.run([sys.executable, str(scriptpath)])
+    subprocess.run(['tox', 'r', '-e', 'obs'])


 def ex_observer():
-    scriptpath = Path.cwd() / "examples" / "observer" / "."
+    scriptpath = Path.cwd() / 'examples' / 'observer' / '.'
    subprocess.run([sys.executable, str(scriptpath)])


 def test_basic():
-    os.environ["KIND"] = "basic"
-    subprocess.run(["tox"])
+    subprocess.run(['tox'], env=os.environ.copy() | {'KIND': 'basic'})


 def test_banana():
-    os.environ["KIND"] = "banana"
-    subprocess.run(["tox"])
+    subprocess.run(['tox'], env=os.environ.copy() | {'KIND': 'banana'})


 def test_potato():
-    os.environ["KIND"] = "potato"
-    subprocess.run(["tox"])
+    subprocess.run(['tox'], env=os.environ.copy() | {'KIND': 'potato'})


 def test_all():
    steps = [test_basic, test_banana, test_potato]
-    [step() for step in steps]
+    for step in steps:
+        step()
--- a/tests/init.py
+++ b/tests/init.py
@@ -31,10 +31,8 @@ class Data:
        return (2 * self.phys_in) + (8 * self.virt_in)


-# get KIND_ID from env var, otherwise set to random
-KIND_ID = os.environ.get(
-    "KIND", random.choice(tuple(kind_id.name.lower() for kind_id in KindId))
-)
+# get KIND from environment, if not set default to potato
+KIND_ID = os.environ.get('KIND', 'potato')
 vm = voicemeeterlib.api(KIND_ID)
 kind = kindmap(KIND_ID)

@@ -56,7 +54,7 @@ data = Data(


 def setup_module():
-    print(f"\nRunning tests for kind [{data.name}]\n", file=sys.stdout)
+    print(f'\nRunning tests for kind [{data.name}]\n', file=sys.stdout)
    vm.login()
    vm.command.reset()

--- a/voicemeeterlib/init.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/init.py
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 from .factory import request_remote_obj as api

-__ALL__ = ["api"]
+__ALL__ = ['api']
--- a/voicemeeterlib/bus.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/bus.py
@@ -4,13 +4,13 @@ from enum import IntEnum
 from math import log
 from typing import Union

+from . import kinds
 from .iremote import IRemote
-from .kinds import kinds_all
 from .meta import bus_mode_prop, device_prop, float_prop

 BusModes = IntEnum(
-    "BusModes",
-    "normal amix bmix repeat composite tvmix upmix21 upmix41 upmix61 centeronly lfeonly rearonly",
+    'BusModes',
+    'normal amix bmix repeat composite tvmix upmix21 upmix41 upmix61 centeronly lfeonly rearonly',
    start=0,
 )

@@ -28,85 +28,85 @@ class Bus(IRemote):

    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return f"bus[{self.index}]"
+        return f'bus[{self.index}]'

    @property
    def mute(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("mute") == 1
+        return self.getter('mute') == 1

    @mute.setter
    def mute(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("mute", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('mute', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def mono(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("mono") == 1
+        return self.getter('mono') == 1

    @mono.setter
    def mono(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("mono", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('mono', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def sel(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("sel") == 1
+        return self.getter('sel') == 1

    @sel.setter
    def sel(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("sel", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('sel', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def label(self) -> str:
-        return self.getter("Label", is_string=True)
+        return self.getter('Label', is_string=True)

    @label.setter
    def label(self, val: str):
-        self.setter("Label", str(val))
+        self.setter('Label', str(val))

    @property
    def gain(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("gain"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('gain'), 1)

    @gain.setter
    def gain(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("gain", val)
+        self.setter('gain', val)

    @property
    def monitor(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("monitor") == 1
+        return self.getter('monitor') == 1

    @monitor.setter
    def monitor(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("monitor", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('monitor', 1 if val else 0)

    def fadeto(self, target: float, time_: int):
-        self.setter("FadeTo", f"({target}, {time_})")
+        self.setter('FadeTo', f'({target}, {time_})')
        time.sleep(self._remote.DELAY)

    def fadeby(self, change: float, time_: int):
-        self.setter("FadeBy", f"({change}, {time_})")
+        self.setter('FadeBy', f'({change}, {time_})')
        time.sleep(self._remote.DELAY)


 class BusEQ(IRemote):
    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return f"Bus[{self.index}].eq"
+        return f'Bus[{self.index}].eq'

    @property
    def on(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("on") == 1
+        return self.getter('on') == 1

    @on.setter
    def on(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("on", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('on', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def ab(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("ab") == 1
+        return self.getter('ab') == 1

    @ab.setter
    def ab(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("ab", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('ab', 1 if val else 0)


 class PhysicalBus(Bus):
@@ -118,19 +118,19 @@ class PhysicalBus(Bus):
        Returns a PhysicalBus class.
        """
        kls = (cls,)
-        if kind.name == "potato":
+        if kind.name == 'potato':
            EFFECTS_cls = _make_effects_mixin()
            kls += (EFFECTS_cls,)
        return type(
-            "PhysicalBus",
+            'PhysicalBus',
            kls,
            {
-                "device": BusDevice.make(remote, i),
+                'device': BusDevice.make(remote, i),
            },
        )

    def __str__(self):
-        return f"{type(self).__name__}{self.index}"
+        return f'{type(self).__name__}{self.index}'


 class BusDevice(IRemote):
@@ -142,16 +142,16 @@ class BusDevice(IRemote):
        Returns a BusDevice class of a kind.
        """
        DEVICE_cls = type(
-            f"BusDevice{remote.kind}",
+            f'BusDevice{remote.kind}',
            (cls,),
            {
                **{
                    param: device_prop(param)
                    for param in [
-                        "wdm",
-                        "ks",
-                        "mme",
-                        "asio",
+                        'wdm',
+                        'ks',
+                        'mme',
+                        'asio',
                    ]
                },
            },
@@ -160,15 +160,15 @@ class BusDevice(IRemote):

    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return f"Bus[{self.index}].device"
+        return f'Bus[{self.index}].device'

    @property
    def name(self) -> str:
-        return self.getter("name", is_string=True)
+        return self.getter('name', is_string=True)

    @property
    def sr(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter("sr"))
+        return int(self.getter('sr'))


 class VirtualBus(Bus):
@@ -182,21 +182,21 @@ class VirtualBus(Bus):
        Returns a VirtualBus class.
        """
        kls = (cls,)
-        if kind.name == "basic":
+        if kind.name == 'basic':
            return type(
-                "VirtualBus",
+                'VirtualBus',
                kls,
                {
-                    "device": BusDevice.make(remote, i),
+                    'device': BusDevice.make(remote, i),
                },
            )
-        elif kind.name == "potato":
+        elif kind.name == 'potato':
            EFFECTS_cls = _make_effects_mixin()
            kls += (EFFECTS_cls,)
-        return type("VirtualBus", kls, {})
+        return type('VirtualBus', kls, {})

    def __str__(self):
-        return f"{type(self).__name__}{self.index}"
+        return f'{type(self).__name__}{self.index}'


 class BusLevel(IRemote):
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ class BusLevel(IRemote):
            return round(20 * log(x, 10), 1) if x > 0 else -200.0

        if not self._remote.stopped() and self._remote.event.ldirty:
-            vals = self._remote.cache["bus_level"][self.range[0] : self.range[-1]]
+            vals = self._remote.cache['bus_level'][self.range[0] : self.range[-1]]
        else:
            vals = [self._remote.get_level(mode, i) for i in range(*self.range)]

@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ class BusLevel(IRemote):

    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return f"Bus[{self.index}]"
+        return f'Bus[{self.index}]'

    @property
    def all(self) -> tuple:
@@ -248,14 +248,14 @@ def make_bus_level_map(kind):
    return tuple((i, i + 8) for i in range(0, (kind.phys_out + kind.virt_out) * 8, 8))


-_make_bus_level_maps = {kind.name: make_bus_level_map(kind) for kind in kinds_all}
+_make_bus_level_maps = {kind.name: make_bus_level_map(kind) for kind in kinds.all}


 def _make_bus_mode_mixin():
    """Creates a mixin of Bus Modes."""

    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return f"Bus[{self.index}].mode"
+        return f'Bus[{self.index}].mode'

    def get(self) -> str:
        time.sleep(0.01)
@@ -276,15 +276,15 @@ def _make_bus_mode_mixin():
        ):
            if val:
                return BusModes(i + 1).name
-        return "normal"
+        return 'normal'

    return type(
-        "BusModeMixin",
+        'BusModeMixin',
        (IRemote,),
        {
-            "identifier": property(identifier),
+            'identifier': property(identifier),
            **{mode.name: bus_mode_prop(mode.name) for mode in BusModes},
-            "get": get,
+            'get': get,
        },
    )

@@ -292,12 +292,12 @@ def _make_bus_mode_mixin():
 def _make_effects_mixin():
    """creates an fx mixin"""
    return type(
-        "FX",
+        'FX',
        (),
        {
            **{
-                f"return{param}": float_prop(f"return{param}")
-                for param in ["reverb", "delay", "fx1", "fx2"]
+                f'return{param}': float_prop(f'return{param}')
+                for param in ['reverb', 'delay', 'fx1', 'fx2']
            },
        },
    )
@@ -316,12 +316,12 @@ def bus_factory(is_phys_bus, remote, i) -> Union[PhysicalBus, VirtualBus]:
    )
    BUSMODEMIXIN_cls = _make_bus_mode_mixin()
    return type(
-        f"{BUS_cls.__name__}{remote.kind}",
+        f'{BUS_cls.__name__}{remote.kind}',
        (BUS_cls,),
        {
-            "levels": BusLevel(remote, i),
-            "mode": BUSMODEMIXIN_cls(remote, i),
-            "eq": BusEQ(remote, i),
+            'levels': BusLevel(remote, i),
+            'mode': BUSMODEMIXIN_cls(remote, i),
+            'eq': BusEQ(remote, i),
        },
    )(remote, i)

--- a/voicemeeterlib/cbindings.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/cbindings.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class CBindings(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    Maps expected ctype argument and res types for each binding.
    """

-    logger_cbindings = logger.getChild("CBindings")
+    logger_cbindings = logger.getChild('CBindings')

    bind_login = libc.VBVMR_Login
    bind_login.restype = LONG
@@ -38,17 +38,17 @@ class CBindings(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    bind_get_voicemeeter_version.restype = LONG
    bind_get_voicemeeter_version.argtypes = [ct.POINTER(LONG)]

-    if hasattr(libc, "VBVMR_MacroButton_IsDirty"):
+    if hasattr(libc, 'VBVMR_MacroButton_IsDirty'):
        bind_macro_button_is_dirty = libc.VBVMR_MacroButton_IsDirty
        bind_macro_button_is_dirty.restype = LONG
        bind_macro_button_is_dirty.argtypes = None

-    if hasattr(libc, "VBVMR_MacroButton_GetStatus"):
+    if hasattr(libc, 'VBVMR_MacroButton_GetStatus'):
        bind_macro_button_get_status = libc.VBVMR_MacroButton_GetStatus
        bind_macro_button_get_status.restype = LONG
        bind_macro_button_get_status.argtypes = [LONG, ct.POINTER(FLOAT), LONG]

-    if hasattr(libc, "VBVMR_MacroButton_SetStatus"):
+    if hasattr(libc, 'VBVMR_MacroButton_SetStatus'):
        bind_macro_button_set_status = libc.VBVMR_MacroButton_SetStatus
        bind_macro_button_set_status.restype = LONG
        bind_macro_button_set_status.argtypes = [LONG, FLOAT, LONG]
@@ -121,5 +121,5 @@ class CBindings(metaclass=ABCMeta):
                raise CAPIError(func.__name__, res)
            return res
        except CAPIError as e:
-            self.logger_cbindings.exception(f"{type(e).__name__}: {e}")
+            self.logger_cbindings.exception(f'{type(e).__name__}: {e}')
            raise
--- a/voicemeeterlib/command.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/command.py
@@ -17,33 +17,33 @@ class Command(IRemote):
        Returns a Command class of a kind.
        """
        CMD_cls = type(
-            f"Command{remote.kind}",
+            f'Command{remote.kind}',
            (cls,),
            {
                **{
-                    param: action_fn(param) for param in ["show", "shutdown", "restart"]
+                    param: action_fn(param) for param in ['show', 'shutdown', 'restart']
                },
-                "hide": action_fn("show", val=0),
+                'hide': action_fn('show', val=0),
            },
        )
        return CMD_cls(remote)

    def __str__(self):
-        return f"{type(self).__name__}"
+        return f'{type(self).__name__}'

    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return "Command"
+        return 'Command'

    def set_showvbanchat(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("DialogShow.VBANCHAT", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('DialogShow.VBANCHAT', 1 if val else 0)

    showvbanchat = property(fset=set_showvbanchat)

    def set_lock(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("lock", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('lock', 1 if val else 0)

    lock = property(fset=set_lock)

    def reset(self):
-        self._remote.apply_config("reset")
+        self._remote.apply_config('reset')
--- a/voicemeeterlib/config.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/config.py
@@ -20,72 +20,72 @@ class TOMLStrBuilder:
    def __init__(self, kind):
        self.kind = kind
        self.higher = itertools.chain(
-            [f"strip-{i}" for i in range(kind.num_strip)],
-            [f"bus-{i}" for i in range(kind.num_bus)],
+            [f'strip-{i}' for i in range(kind.num_strip)],
+            [f'bus-{i}' for i in range(kind.num_bus)],
        )

    def init_config(self, profile=None):
        self.virt_strip_params = (
            [
-                "mute = false",
-                "mono = false",
-                "solo = false",
-                "gain = 0.0",
+                'mute = false',
+                'mono = false',
+                'solo = false',
+                'gain = 0.0',
            ]
-            + [f"A{i} = false" for i in range(1, self.kind.phys_out + 1)]
-            + [f"B{i} = false" for i in range(1, self.kind.virt_out + 1)]
+            + [f'A{i} = false' for i in range(1, self.kind.phys_out + 1)]
+            + [f'B{i} = false' for i in range(1, self.kind.virt_out + 1)]
        )
        self.phys_strip_params = self.virt_strip_params + [
-            "comp.knob = 0.0",
-            "gate.knob = 0.0",
-            "denoiser.knob = 0.0",
-            "eq.on = false",
+            'comp.knob = 0.0',
+            'gate.knob = 0.0',
+            'denoiser.knob = 0.0',
+            'eq.on = false',
        ]
        self.bus_params = [
-            "mono = false",
-            "eq.on = false",
-            "mute = false",
-            "gain = 0.0",
+            'mono = false',
+            'eq.on = false',
+            'mute = false',
+            'gain = 0.0',
        ]

-        if profile == "reset":
+        if profile == 'reset':
            self.reset_config()

    def reset_config(self):
        self.phys_strip_params = list(
-            map(lambda x: x.replace("B1 = false", "B1 = true"), self.phys_strip_params)
+            map(lambda x: x.replace('B1 = false', 'B1 = true'), self.phys_strip_params)
        )
        self.virt_strip_params = list(
-            map(lambda x: x.replace("A1 = false", "A1 = true"), self.virt_strip_params)
+            map(lambda x: x.replace('A1 = false', 'A1 = true'), self.virt_strip_params)
        )

-    def build(self, profile="reset"):
+    def build(self, profile='reset'):
        self.init_config(profile)
        toml_str = str()
        for eachclass in self.higher:
-            toml_str += f"[{eachclass}]\n"
+            toml_str += f'[{eachclass}]\n'
            toml_str = self.join(eachclass, toml_str)
        return toml_str

    def join(self, eachclass, toml_str):
-        kls, index = eachclass.split("-")
+        kls, index = eachclass.split('-')
        match kls:
-            case "strip":
-                toml_str += ("\n").join(
+            case 'strip':
+                toml_str += ('\n').join(
                    self.phys_strip_params
                    if int(index) < self.kind.phys_in
                    else self.virt_strip_params
                )
-            case "bus":
-                toml_str += ("\n").join(self.bus_params)
+            case 'bus':
+                toml_str += ('\n').join(self.bus_params)
            case _:
                pass
-        return toml_str + "\n"
+        return toml_str + '\n'


 class TOMLDataExtractor:
    def __init__(self, file):
-        with open(file, "rb") as f:
+        with open(file, 'rb') as f:
            self._data = tomllib.load(f)

    @property
@@ -103,10 +103,10 @@ def dataextraction_factory(file):

    this opens the possibility for other parsers to be added
    """
-    if file.suffix == ".toml":
+    if file.suffix == '.toml':
        extractor = TOMLDataExtractor
    else:
-        raise ValueError("Cannot extract data from {}".format(file))
+        raise ValueError('Cannot extract data from {}'.format(file))
    return extractor(file)


@@ -140,25 +140,25 @@ class Loader(metaclass=SingletonType):
    def defaults(self, kind):
        self.builder = TOMLStrBuilder(kind)
        toml_str = self.builder.build()
-        self.register("reset", tomllib.loads(toml_str))
+        self.register('reset', tomllib.loads(toml_str))

    def parse(self, identifier, data):
        if identifier in self._configs:
            self.logger.info(
-                f"config file with name {identifier} already in memory, skipping.."
+                f'config file with name {identifier} already in memory, skipping..'
            )
            return
        try:
            self.parser = dataextraction_factory(data)
        except tomllib.TOMLDecodeError as e:
-            ERR_MSG = (str(e), f"When attempting to load {identifier}.toml")
+            ERR_MSG = (str(e), f'When attempting to load {identifier}.toml')
            self.logger.error(f"{type(e).__name__}: {' '.join(ERR_MSG)}")
            return
        return True

    def register(self, identifier, data=None):
        self._configs[identifier] = data if data else self.parser.data
-        self.logger.info(f"config {self.name}/{identifier} loaded into memory")
+        self.logger.info(f'config {self.name}/{identifier} loaded into memory')

    def deregister(self):
        self._configs.clear()
@@ -181,18 +181,18 @@ def loader(kind):

    returns configs loaded into memory
    """
-    logger_loader = logger.getChild("loader")
+    logger_loader = logger.getChild('loader')
    loader = Loader(kind)

    for path in (
-        Path.cwd() / "configs" / kind.name,
-        Path.home() / ".config" / "voicemeeter" / kind.name,
-        Path.home() / "Documents" / "Voicemeeter" / "configs" / kind.name,
+        Path.cwd() / 'configs' / kind.name,
+        Path.home() / '.config' / 'voicemeeter' / kind.name,
+        Path.home() / 'Documents' / 'Voicemeeter' / 'configs' / kind.name,
    ):
        if path.is_dir():
-            logger_loader.info(f"Checking [{path}] for TOML config files:")
-            for file in path.glob("*.toml"):
-                identifier = file.with_suffix("").stem
+            logger_loader.info(f'Checking [{path}] for TOML config files:')
+            for file in path.glob('*.toml'):
+                identifier = file.with_suffix('').stem
                if loader.parse(identifier, file):
                    loader.register(identifier)
    return loader.configs
@@ -207,5 +207,5 @@ def request_config(kind_id: str):
    try:
        configs = loader(kindmap(kind_id))
    except KeyError as e:
-        raise VMError(f"Unknown Voicemeeter kind {kind_id}") from e
+        raise VMError(f'Unknown Voicemeeter kind {kind_id}') from e
    return configs
--- a/voicemeeterlib/device.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/device.py
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ class Adapter(IRemote):
            return self._remote.get_num_devices(direction)

        vals = self._remote.get_device_description(index, direction)
-        types = {1: "mme", 3: "wdm", 4: "ks", 5: "asio"}
-        return {"name": vals[0], "type": types[vals[1]], "id": vals[2]}
+        types = {1: 'mme', 3: 'wdm', 4: 'ks', 5: 'asio'}
+        return {'name': vals[0], 'type': types[vals[1]], 'id': vals[2]}


 class Device(Adapter):
@@ -47,26 +47,26 @@ class Device(Adapter):
        """

        def num_ins(cls) -> int:
-            return cls.getter(direction="in")
+            return cls.getter(direction='in')

        def num_outs(cls) -> int:
-            return cls.getter(direction="out")
+            return cls.getter(direction='out')

        DEVICE_cls = type(
-            f"Device{remote.kind}",
+            f'Device{remote.kind}',
            (cls,),
            {
-                "ins": property(num_ins),
-                "outs": property(num_outs),
+                'ins': property(num_ins),
+                'outs': property(num_outs),
            },
        )
        return DEVICE_cls(remote)

    def __str__(self):
-        return f"{type(self).__name__}"
+        return f'{type(self).__name__}'

    def input(self, index: int) -> dict:
-        return self.getter(index=index, direction="in")
+        return self.getter(index=index, direction='in')

    def output(self, index: int) -> dict:
-        return self.getter(index=index, direction="out")
+        return self.getter(index=index, direction='out')
--- a/voicemeeterlib/error.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/error.py
@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@ class CAPIError(VMError):
        self.fn_name = fn_name
        self.code = code
        if self.code == -9:
-            message = " ".join(
+            message = ' '.join(
                (
-                    f"no bind for {self.fn_name}.",
-                    "are you using an old version of the API?",
+                    f'no bind for {self.fn_name}.',
+                    'are you using an old version of the API?',
                )
            )
        else:
-            message = f"{self.fn_name} returned {self.code}"
+            message = f'{self.fn_name} returned {self.code}'
        super().__init__(message)
--- a/voicemeeterlib/event.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/event.py
@@ -12,47 +12,47 @@ class Event:
        self.logger = logger.getChild(self.__class__.__name__)

    def info(self, msg=None):
-        info = (f"{msg} events",) if msg else ()
+        info = (f'{msg} events',) if msg else ()
        if self.any():
            info += (f"now listening for {', '.join(self.get())} events",)
        else:
-            info += ("not listening for any events",)
-        self.logger.info(", ".join(info))
+            info += ('not listening for any events',)
+        self.logger.info(', '.join(info))

    @property
    def pdirty(self) -> bool:
-        return self.subs["pdirty"]
+        return self.subs['pdirty']

    @pdirty.setter
    def pdirty(self, val: bool):
-        self.subs["pdirty"] = val
+        self.subs['pdirty'] = val
        self.info(f"pdirty {'added to' if val else 'removed from'}")

    @property
    def mdirty(self) -> bool:
-        return self.subs["mdirty"]
+        return self.subs['mdirty']

    @mdirty.setter
    def mdirty(self, val: bool):
-        self.subs["mdirty"] = val
+        self.subs['mdirty'] = val
        self.info(f"mdirty {'added to' if val else 'removed from'}")

    @property
    def midi(self) -> bool:
-        return self.subs["midi"]
+        return self.subs['midi']

    @midi.setter
    def midi(self, val: bool):
-        self.subs["midi"] = val
+        self.subs['midi'] = val
        self.info(f"midi {'added to' if val else 'removed from'}")

    @property
    def ldirty(self) -> bool:
-        return self.subs["ldirty"]
+        return self.subs['ldirty']

    @ldirty.setter
    def ldirty(self, val: bool):
-        self.subs["ldirty"] = val
+        self.subs['ldirty'] = val
        self.info(f"ldirty {'added to' if val else 'removed from'}")

    def get(self) -> list:
--- a/voicemeeterlib/factory.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/factory.py
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ class FactoryBuilder:
    """

    BuilderProgress = IntEnum(
-        "BuilderProgress",
-        "strip bus command macrobutton vban device option recorder patch fx",
+        'BuilderProgress',
+        'strip bus command macrobutton vban device option recorder patch fx',
        start=0,
    )

@@ -38,22 +38,22 @@ class FactoryBuilder:
        self._factory = factory
        self.kind = kind
        self._info = (
-            f"Finished building strips for {self._factory}",
-            f"Finished building buses for {self._factory}",
-            f"Finished building commands for {self._factory}",
-            f"Finished building macrobuttons for {self._factory}",
-            f"Finished building vban in/out streams for {self._factory}",
-            f"Finished building device for {self._factory}",
-            f"Finished building option for {self._factory}",
-            f"Finished building recorder for {self._factory}",
-            f"Finished building patch for {self._factory}",
-            f"Finished building fx for {self._factory}",
+            f'Finished building strips for {self._factory}',
+            f'Finished building buses for {self._factory}',
+            f'Finished building commands for {self._factory}',
+            f'Finished building macrobuttons for {self._factory}',
+            f'Finished building vban in/out streams for {self._factory}',
+            f'Finished building device for {self._factory}',
+            f'Finished building option for {self._factory}',
+            f'Finished building recorder for {self._factory}',
+            f'Finished building patch for {self._factory}',
+            f'Finished building fx for {self._factory}',
        )
        self.logger = logger.getChild(self.__class__.__name__)

    def _pinfo(self, name: str) -> None:
        """prints progress status for each step"""
-        name = name.split("_")[1]
+        name = name.split('_')[1]
        self.logger.debug(self._info[int(getattr(self.BuilderProgress, name))])

    def make_strip(self):
@@ -108,17 +108,17 @@ class FactoryBase(Remote):

    def __init__(self, kind_id: str, **kwargs):
        defaultkwargs = {
-            "sync": False,
-            "ratelimit": 0.033,
-            "pdirty": False,
-            "mdirty": False,
-            "midi": False,
-            "ldirty": False,
-            "timeout": 2,
-            "bits": 64,
+            'sync': False,
+            'ratelimit': 0.033,
+            'pdirty': False,
+            'mdirty': False,
+            'midi': False,
+            'ldirty': False,
+            'timeout': 2,
+            'bits': 64,
        }
-        if "subs" in kwargs:
-            defaultkwargs |= kwargs.pop("subs")  # for backwards compatibility
+        if 'subs' in kwargs:
+            defaultkwargs |= kwargs.pop('subs')  # for backwards compatibility
        kwargs = defaultkwargs | kwargs
        self.kind = kindmap(kind_id)
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ class FactoryBase(Remote):
        self._configs = None

    def __str__(self) -> str:
-        return f"Voicemeeter {self.kind}"
+        return f'Voicemeeter {self.kind}'

    @property
    @abstractmethod
@@ -225,15 +225,15 @@ def remote_factory(kind_id: str, **kwargs) -> Remote:
    Returns a Remote class of a kind
    """
    match kind_id:
-        case "basic":
+        case 'basic':
            _factory = BasicFactory
-        case "banana":
+        case 'banana':
            _factory = BananaFactory
-        case "potato":
+        case 'potato':
            _factory = PotatoFactory
        case _:
            raise ValueError(f"Unknown Voicemeeter kind '{kind_id}'")
-    return type(f"Remote{kind_id.capitalize()}", (_factory,), {})(kind_id, **kwargs)
+    return type(f'Remote{kind_id.capitalize()}', (_factory,), {})(kind_id, **kwargs)


 def request_remote_obj(kind_id: str, **kwargs) -> Remote:
@@ -243,12 +243,12 @@ def request_remote_obj(kind_id: str, **kwargs) -> Remote:
    Returns a reference to a Remote class of a kind
    """

-    logger_entry = logger.getChild("request_remote_obj")
+    logger_entry = logger.getChild('request_remote_obj')

    REMOTE_obj = None
    try:
        REMOTE_obj = remote_factory(kind_id, **kwargs)
    except (ValueError, TypeError) as e:
-        logger_entry.exception(f"{type(e).__name__}: {e}")
+        logger_entry.exception(f'{type(e).__name__}: {e}')
        raise VMError(str(e)) from e
    return REMOTE_obj
--- a/voicemeeterlib/inst.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/inst.py
@@ -7,21 +7,21 @@ from .error import InstallError

 BITS = 64 if ct.sizeof(ct.c_void_p) == 8 else 32

-if platform.system() != "Windows":
-    raise InstallError("Only Windows OS supported")
+if platform.system() != 'Windows':
+    raise InstallError('Only Windows OS supported')


-VM_KEY = "VB:Voicemeeter {17359A74-1236-5467}"
-REG_KEY = "\\".join(
+VM_KEY = 'VB:Voicemeeter {17359A74-1236-5467}'
+REG_KEY = '\\'.join(
    filter(
        None,
        (
-            "SOFTWARE",
-            "WOW6432Node" if BITS == 64 else "",
-            "Microsoft",
-            "Windows",
-            "CurrentVersion",
-            "Uninstall",
+            'SOFTWARE',
+            'WOW6432Node' if BITS == 64 else '',
+            'Microsoft',
+            'Windows',
+            'CurrentVersion',
+            'Uninstall',
        ),
    )
 )
@@ -29,20 +29,20 @@ REG_KEY = "\\".join(

 def get_vmpath():
    with winreg.OpenKey(
-        winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, r"{}".format("\\".join((REG_KEY, VM_KEY)))
+        winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, r'{}'.format('\\'.join((REG_KEY, VM_KEY)))
    ) as vm_key:
-        return winreg.QueryValueEx(vm_key, r"UninstallString")[0].strip('"')
+        return winreg.QueryValueEx(vm_key, r'UninstallString')[0].strip('"')


 try:
    vm_parent = Path(get_vmpath()).parent
 except FileNotFoundError as e:
-    raise InstallError("Unable to fetch DLL path from the registry") from e
+    raise InstallError('Unable to fetch DLL path from the registry') from e

 DLL_NAME = f'VoicemeeterRemote{"64" if BITS == 64 else ""}.dll'

 dll_path = vm_parent.joinpath(DLL_NAME)
 if not dll_path.is_file():
-    raise InstallError(f"Could not find {dll_path}")
+    raise InstallError(f'Could not find {dll_path}')

 libc = ct.CDLL(str(dll_path))
--- a/voicemeeterlib/iremote.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/iremote.py
@@ -19,19 +19,19 @@ class IRemote(metaclass=ABCMeta):

    def getter(self, param, **kwargs):
        """Gets a parameter value"""
-        self.logger.debug(f"getter: {self._cmd(param)}")
+        self.logger.debug(f'getter: {self._cmd(param)}')
        return self._remote.get(self._cmd(param), **kwargs)

    def setter(self, param, val):
        """Sets a parameter value"""
-        self.logger.debug(f"setter: {self._cmd(param)}={val}")
+        self.logger.debug(f'setter: {self._cmd(param)}={val}')
        self._remote.set(self._cmd(param), val)

    def _cmd(self, param):
        cmd = (self.identifier,)
        if param:
-            cmd += (f".{param}",)
-        return "".join(cmd)
+            cmd += (f'.{param}',)
+        return ''.join(cmd)

    @abstractmethod
    def identifier(self):
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class IRemote(metaclass=ABCMeta):

    def apply(self, data: dict):
        def fget(attr, val):
-            if attr == "mode":
+            if attr == 'mode':
                return (getattr(self, attr), val, 1)
            return (self, attr, val)

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class IRemote(metaclass=ABCMeta):
                    target, attr, val = fget(attr, val)
                    setattr(target, attr, val)
                else:
-                    self.logger.error(f"invalid attribute {attr} for {self}")
+                    self.logger.error(f'invalid attribute {attr} for {self}')
            else:
                target = getattr(self, attr)
                target.apply(val)
--- a/voicemeeterlib/kinds.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/kinds.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class SingletonType(type):
        return cls._instances[cls]


-@dataclass
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
 class KindMapClass(metaclass=SingletonType):
    name: str
    ins: tuple
@@ -68,9 +68,8 @@ class KindMapClass(metaclass=SingletonType):
        return self.name.capitalize()


-@dataclass
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
 class BasicMap(KindMapClass):
-    name: str
    ins: tuple = (2, 1)
    outs: tuple = (1, 1)
    vban: tuple = (4, 4, 1, 1)
@@ -79,9 +78,8 @@ class BasicMap(KindMapClass):
    composite: int = 0


-@dataclass
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
 class BananaMap(KindMapClass):
-    name: str
    ins: tuple = (3, 2)
    outs: tuple = (3, 2)
    vban: tuple = (8, 8, 1, 1)
@@ -90,9 +88,8 @@ class BananaMap(KindMapClass):
    composite: int = 8


-@dataclass
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
 class PotatoMap(KindMapClass):
-    name: str
    ins: tuple = (5, 3)
    outs: tuple = (5, 3)
    vban: tuple = (8, 8, 1, 1)
@@ -103,14 +100,14 @@ class PotatoMap(KindMapClass):

 def kind_factory(kind_id):
    match kind_id:
-        case "basic":
+        case 'basic':
            _kind_map = BasicMap
-        case "banana":
+        case 'banana':
            _kind_map = BananaMap
-        case "potato":
+        case 'potato':
            _kind_map = PotatoMap
        case _:
-            raise ValueError(f"Unknown Voicemeeter kind {kind_id}")
+            raise ValueError(f'Unknown Voicemeeter kind {kind_id}')
    return _kind_map(name=kind_id)


@@ -123,4 +120,4 @@ def request_kind_map(kind_id):
    return KIND_obj


-kinds_all = list(request_kind_map(kind_id.name.lower()) for kind_id in KindId)
+all = kinds_all = [request_kind_map(kind_id.name.lower()) for kind_id in KindId]
--- a/voicemeeterlib/macrobutton.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/macrobutton.py
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ from enum import IntEnum
 from .iremote import IRemote

 ButtonModes = IntEnum(
-    "ButtonModes",
-    "state stateonly trigger",
+    'ButtonModes',
+    'state stateonly trigger',
    start=1,
 )

@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ class Adapter(IRemote):
        pass

    def getter(self, mode):
-        self.logger.debug(f"getter: button[{self.index}].{ButtonModes(mode).name}")
+        self.logger.debug(f'getter: button[{self.index}].{ButtonModes(mode).name}')
        return self._remote.get_buttonstatus(self.index, mode)

    def setter(self, mode, val):
        self.logger.debug(
-            f"setter: button[{self.index}].{ButtonModes(mode).name}={val}"
+            f'setter: button[{self.index}].{ButtonModes(mode).name}={val}'
        )
        self._remote.set_buttonstatus(self.index, val, mode)

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class MacroButton(Adapter):
    """Defines concrete implementation for macrobutton"""

    def __str__(self):
-        return f"{type(self).__name__}{self._remote.kind}{self.index}"
+        return f'{type(self).__name__}{self._remote.kind}{self.index}'

    @property
    def state(self) -> bool:
--- a/voicemeeterlib/misc.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/misc.py
@@ -1,48 +1,48 @@
 from typing import Optional

+from . import kinds
 from .iremote import IRemote
-from .kinds import kinds_all


 class FX(IRemote):
    def __str__(self):
-        return f"{type(self).__name__}"
+        return f'{type(self).__name__}'

    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return "FX"
+        return 'FX'

    @property
    def reverb(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("reverb.On") == 1
+        return self.getter('reverb.On') == 1

    @reverb.setter
    def reverb(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("reverb.On", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('reverb.On', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def reverb_ab(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("reverb.ab") == 1
+        return self.getter('reverb.ab') == 1

    @reverb_ab.setter
    def reverb_ab(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("reverb.ab", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('reverb.ab', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def delay(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("delay.On") == 1
+        return self.getter('delay.On') == 1

    @delay.setter
    def delay(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("delay.On", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('delay.On', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def delay_ab(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("delay.ab") == 1
+        return self.getter('delay.ab') == 1

    @delay_ab.setter
    def delay_ab(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("delay.ab", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('delay.ab', 1 if val else 0)


 class Patch(IRemote):
@@ -57,50 +57,50 @@ class Patch(IRemote):
        """
        ASIO_cls = _make_asio_mixins(remote)[remote.kind.name]
        return type(
-            f"Patch{remote.kind}",
+            f'Patch{remote.kind}',
            (cls, ASIO_cls),
            {
-                "composite": tuple(Composite(remote, i) for i in range(8)),
-                "insert": tuple(Insert(remote, i) for i in range(remote.kind.insert)),
+                'composite': tuple(Composite(remote, i) for i in range(8)),
+                'insert': tuple(Insert(remote, i) for i in range(remote.kind.insert)),
            },
        )(remote)

    def __str__(self):
-        return f"{type(self).__name__}"
+        return f'{type(self).__name__}'

    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return "patch"
+        return 'patch'

    @property
    def postfadercomp(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("postfadercomposite") == 1
+        return self.getter('postfadercomposite') == 1

    @postfadercomp.setter
    def postfadercomp(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("postfadercomposite", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('postfadercomposite', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def postfxinsert(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("postfxinsert") == 1
+        return self.getter('postfxinsert') == 1

    @postfxinsert.setter
    def postfxinsert(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("postfxinsert", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('postfxinsert', 1 if val else 0)


 class Asio(IRemote):
    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return "patch"
+        return 'patch'


 class AsioIn(Asio):
    def get(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter(f"asio[{self.index}]"))
+        return int(self.getter(f'asio[{self.index}]'))

    def set(self, val: int):
-        self.setter(f"asio[{self.index}]", val)
+        self.setter(f'asio[{self.index}]', val)


 class AsioOut(Asio):
@@ -109,10 +109,10 @@ class AsioOut(Asio):
        self._param = param

    def get(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter(f"out{self._param}[{self.index}]"))
+        return int(self.getter(f'out{self._param}[{self.index}]'))

    def set(self, val: int):
-        self.setter(f"out{self._param}[{self.index}]", val)
+        self.setter(f'out{self._param}[{self.index}]', val)


 def _make_asio_mixin(remote, kind):
@@ -120,46 +120,46 @@ def _make_asio_mixin(remote, kind):
    asio_in, asio_out = kind.asio

    return type(
-        f"ASIO{kind}",
+        f'ASIO{kind}',
        (IRemote,),
        {
-            "asio": tuple(AsioIn(remote, i) for i in range(asio_in)),
+            'asio': tuple(AsioIn(remote, i) for i in range(asio_in)),
            **{
                param: tuple(AsioOut(remote, i, param) for i in range(asio_out))
-                for param in ["A2", "A3", "A4", "A5"]
+                for param in ['A2', 'A3', 'A4', 'A5']
            },
        },
    )


 def _make_asio_mixins(remote):
-    return {kind.name: _make_asio_mixin(remote, kind) for kind in kinds_all}
+    return {kind.name: _make_asio_mixin(remote, kind) for kind in kinds.all}


 class Composite(IRemote):
    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return "patch"
+        return 'patch'

    def get(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter(f"composite[{self.index}]"))
+        return int(self.getter(f'composite[{self.index}]'))

    def set(self, val: int):
-        self.setter(f"composite[{self.index}]", val)
+        self.setter(f'composite[{self.index}]', val)


 class Insert(IRemote):
    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return "patch"
+        return 'patch'

    @property
    def on(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter(f"insert[{self.index}]") == 1
+        return self.getter(f'insert[{self.index}]') == 1

    @on.setter
    def on(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter(f"insert[{self.index}]", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter(f'insert[{self.index}]', 1 if val else 0)


 class Option(IRemote):
@@ -173,61 +173,61 @@ class Option(IRemote):
        Returns a Option class of a kind.
        """
        return type(
-            f"Option{remote.kind}",
+            f'Option{remote.kind}',
            (cls,),
            {
-                "delay": tuple(Delay(remote, i) for i in range(remote.kind.phys_out)),
+                'delay': tuple(Delay(remote, i) for i in range(remote.kind.phys_out)),
            },
        )(remote)

    def __str__(self):
-        return f"{type(self).__name__}"
+        return f'{type(self).__name__}'

    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return "option"
+        return 'option'

    @property
    def sr(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter("sr"))
+        return int(self.getter('sr'))

    @sr.setter
    def sr(self, val: int):
        opts = (44100, 48000, 88200, 96000, 176400, 192000)
        if val not in opts:
-            self.logger.warning(f"sr got: {val} but expected a value in {opts}")
-        self.setter("sr", val)
+            self.logger.warning(f'sr got: {val} but expected a value in {opts}')
+        self.setter('sr', val)

    @property
    def asiosr(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("asiosr") == 1
+        return self.getter('asiosr') == 1

    @asiosr.setter
    def asiosr(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("asiosr", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('asiosr', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def monitoronsel(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("monitoronsel") == 1
+        return self.getter('monitoronsel') == 1

    @monitoronsel.setter
    def monitoronsel(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("monitoronsel", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('monitoronsel', 1 if val else 0)

    def buffer(self, driver, buffer):
-        self.setter(f"buffer.{driver}", buffer)
+        self.setter(f'buffer.{driver}', buffer)


 class Delay(IRemote):
    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return "option"
+        return 'option'

    def get(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter(f"delay[{self.index}]"))
+        return int(self.getter(f'delay[{self.index}]'))

    def set(self, val: int):
-        self.setter(f"delay[{self.index}]", val)
+        self.setter(f'delay[{self.index}]', val)


 class Midi:
--- a/voicemeeterlib/recorder.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/recorder.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import re

+from . import kinds
 from .error import VMError
 from .iremote import IRemote
-from .kinds import kinds_all
 from .meta import action_fn, bool_prop


@@ -23,91 +23,91 @@ class Recorder(IRemote):
        CHANNELOUTMIXIN_cls = _make_channelout_mixins[remote.kind.name]
        ARMCHANNELMIXIN_cls = _make_armchannel_mixins(remote)[remote.kind.name]
        REC_cls = type(
-            f"Recorder{remote.kind}",
+            f'Recorder{remote.kind}',
            (cls, CHANNELOUTMIXIN_cls, ARMCHANNELMIXIN_cls),
            {
                **{
                    param: action_fn(param)
                    for param in [
-                        "play",
-                        "stop",
-                        "pause",
-                        "replay",
-                        "record",
-                        "ff",
-                        "rew",
+                        'play',
+                        'stop',
+                        'pause',
+                        'replay',
+                        'record',
+                        'ff',
+                        'rew',
                    ]
                },
-                "mode": RecorderMode(remote),
+                'mode': RecorderMode(remote),
            },
        )
        return REC_cls(remote)

    def __str__(self):
-        return f"{type(self).__name__}"
+        return f'{type(self).__name__}'

    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return "recorder"
+        return 'recorder'

    @property
    def samplerate(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter("samplerate"))
+        return int(self.getter('samplerate'))

    @samplerate.setter
    def samplerate(self, val: int):
        opts = (22050, 24000, 32000, 44100, 48000, 88200, 96000, 176400, 192000)
        if val not in opts:
-            self.logger.warning(f"samplerate got: {val} but expected a value in {opts}")
-        self.setter("samplerate", val)
+            self.logger.warning(f'samplerate got: {val} but expected a value in {opts}')
+        self.setter('samplerate', val)

    @property
    def bitresolution(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter("bitresolution"))
+        return int(self.getter('bitresolution'))

    @bitresolution.setter
    def bitresolution(self, val: int):
        opts = (8, 16, 24, 32)
        if val not in opts:
            self.logger.warning(
-                f"bitresolution got: {val} but expected a value in {opts}"
+                f'bitresolution got: {val} but expected a value in {opts}'
            )
-        self.setter("bitresolution", val)
+        self.setter('bitresolution', val)

    @property
    def channel(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter("channel"))
+        return int(self.getter('channel'))

    @channel.setter
    def channel(self, val: int):
        if not 1 <= val <= 8:
-            self.logger.warning(f"channel got: {val} but expected a value from 1 to 8")
-        self.setter("channel", val)
+            self.logger.warning(f'channel got: {val} but expected a value from 1 to 8')
+        self.setter('channel', val)

    @property
    def kbps(self):
-        return int(self.getter("kbps"))
+        return int(self.getter('kbps'))

    @kbps.setter
    def kbps(self, val: int):
        opts = (32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 160, 192, 224, 256, 320)
        if val not in opts:
-            self.logger.warning(f"kbps got: {val} but expected a value in {opts}")
-        self.setter("kbps", val)
+            self.logger.warning(f'kbps got: {val} but expected a value in {opts}')
+        self.setter('kbps', val)

    @property
    def gain(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("gain"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('gain'), 1)

    @gain.setter
    def gain(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("gain", val)
+        self.setter('gain', val)

    def load(self, file: str):
        try:
-            self.setter("load", file)
+            self.setter('load', file)
        except UnicodeError:
-            raise VMError("File full directory must be a raw string")
+            raise VMError('File full directory must be a raw string')

    # loop forwarder methods, for backwards compatibility
    @property
@@ -121,69 +121,69 @@ class Recorder(IRemote):
    def goto(self, time_str):
        def get_sec():
            """Get seconds from time string"""
-            h, m, s = time_str.split(":")
+            h, m, s = time_str.split(':')
            return int(h) * 3600 + int(m) * 60 + int(s)

        time_str = str(time_str)  # coerce the type
        if (
            re.match(
-                r"^(?:[01]\d|2[0123]):(?:[012345]\d):(?:[012345]\d)$",
+                r'^(?:[01]\d|2[0123]):(?:[012345]\d):(?:[012345]\d)$',
                time_str,
            )
            is not None
        ):
-            self.setter("goto", get_sec())
+            self.setter('goto', get_sec())
        else:
            self.logger.warning(
                "goto expects a string that matches the format 'hh:mm:ss'"
            )

    def filetype(self, val: str):
-        opts = {"wav": 1, "aiff": 2, "bwf": 3, "mp3": 100}
+        opts = {'wav': 1, 'aiff': 2, 'bwf': 3, 'mp3': 100}
        try:
-            self.setter("filetype", opts[val.lower()])
+            self.setter('filetype', opts[val.lower()])
        except KeyError:
            self.logger.warning(
-                f"filetype got: {val} but expected a value in {list(opts.keys())}"
+                f'filetype got: {val} but expected a value in {list(opts.keys())}'
            )


 class RecorderMode(IRemote):
    @property
    def identifier(self):
-        return "recorder.mode"
+        return 'recorder.mode'

    @property
    def recbus(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("recbus") == 1
+        return self.getter('recbus') == 1

    @recbus.setter
    def recbus(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("recbus", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('recbus', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def playonload(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("playonload") == 1
+        return self.getter('playonload') == 1

    @playonload.setter
    def playonload(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("playonload", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('playonload', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def loop(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("loop") == 1
+        return self.getter('loop') == 1

    @loop.setter
    def loop(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("loop", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('loop', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def multitrack(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("multitrack") == 1
+        return self.getter('multitrack') == 1

    @multitrack.setter
    def multitrack(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("multitrack", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('multitrack', 1 if val else 0)


 class RecorderArmChannel(IRemote):
@@ -192,51 +192,51 @@ class RecorderArmChannel(IRemote):
        self._i = i

    def set(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('', 1 if val else 0)


 class RecorderArmStrip(RecorderArmChannel):
    @property
    def identifier(self):
-        return f"recorder.armstrip[{self._i}]"
+        return f'recorder.armstrip[{self._i}]'


 class RecorderArmBus(RecorderArmChannel):
    @property
    def identifier(self):
-        return f"recorder.armbus[{self._i}]"
+        return f'recorder.armbus[{self._i}]'


 def _make_armchannel_mixin(remote, kind):
    """Creates an armchannel out mixin"""
    return type(
-        f"ArmChannelMixin{kind}",
+        f'ArmChannelMixin{kind}',
        (),
        {
-            "armstrip": tuple(
+            'armstrip': tuple(
                RecorderArmStrip(remote, i) for i in range(kind.num_strip)
            ),
-            "armbus": tuple(RecorderArmBus(remote, i) for i in range(kind.num_bus)),
+            'armbus': tuple(RecorderArmBus(remote, i) for i in range(kind.num_bus)),
        },
    )


 def _make_armchannel_mixins(remote):
-    return {kind.name: _make_armchannel_mixin(remote, kind) for kind in kinds_all}
+    return {kind.name: _make_armchannel_mixin(remote, kind) for kind in kinds.all}


 def _make_channelout_mixin(kind):
    """Creates a channel out mixin"""
    return type(
-        f"ChannelOutMixin{kind}",
+        f'ChannelOutMixin{kind}',
        (),
        {
-            **{f"A{i}": bool_prop(f"A{i}") for i in range(1, kind.phys_out + 1)},
-            **{f"B{i}": bool_prop(f"B{i}") for i in range(1, kind.virt_out + 1)},
+            **{f'A{i}': bool_prop(f'A{i}') for i in range(1, kind.phys_out + 1)},
+            **{f'B{i}': bool_prop(f'B{i}') for i in range(1, kind.virt_out + 1)},
        },
    )


 _make_channelout_mixins = {
-    kind.name: _make_channelout_mixin(kind) for kind in kinds_all
+    kind.name: _make_channelout_mixin(kind) for kind in kinds.all
 }
--- a/voicemeeterlib/remote.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/remote.py
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class Remote(CBindings):
        self.midi = Midi()
        self.subject = self.observer = Subject()
        self.event = Event(
-            {k: kwargs.pop(k) for k in ("pdirty", "mdirty", "midi", "ldirty")}
+            {k: kwargs.pop(k) for k in ('pdirty', 'mdirty', 'midi', 'ldirty')}
        )
        self.gui = VmGui()
        self.stop_event = None
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class Remote(CBindings):

        if self.bits not in (32, 64):
            self.logger.warning(
-                f"kwarg bits got {self.bits}, expected either 32 or 64, defaulting to 64"
+                f'kwarg bits got {self.bits}, expected either 32 or 64, defaulting to 64'
            )
            self.bits = 64

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class Remote(CBindings):
        """Starts updates thread."""
        self.event.info()

-        self.logger.debug("initiating events thread")
+        self.logger.debug('initiating events thread')
        self.stop_event = threading.Event()
        self.stop_event.clear()
        queue = Queue()
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ class Remote(CBindings):
        self.gui.launched = self.call(self.bind_login, ok=(0, 1)) == 0
        if not self.gui.launched:
            self.logger.info(
-                "Voicemeeter engine running but GUI not launched. Launching the GUI now."
+                'Voicemeeter engine running but GUI not launched. Launching the GUI now.'
            )
            self.run_voicemeeter(self.kind.name)

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ class Remote(CBindings):
        """Returns Voicemeeter's version as a string"""
        ver = ct.c_long()
        self.call(self.bind_get_voicemeeter_version, ct.byref(ver))
-        return "{}.{}.{}.{}".format(
+        return '{}.{}.{}.{}'.format(
            (ver.value & 0xFF000000) >> 24,
            (ver.value & 0x00FF0000) >> 16,
            (ver.value & 0x0000FF00) >> 8,
@@ -121,16 +121,16 @@ class Remote(CBindings):
        try:
            return self.call(self.bind_macro_button_is_dirty, ok=(0, 1)) == 1
        except AttributeError as e:
-            self.logger.exception(f"{type(e).__name__}: {e}")
-            raise CAPIError("VBVMR_MacroButton_IsDirty", -9) from e
+            self.logger.exception(f'{type(e).__name__}: {e}')
+            raise CAPIError('VBVMR_MacroButton_IsDirty', -9) from e

    @property
    def ldirty(self) -> bool:
        """True iff levels have been updated."""
        self._strip_buf, self._bus_buf = self._get_levels()
        return not (
-            self.cache.get("strip_level") == self._strip_buf
-            and self.cache.get("bus_level") == self._bus_buf
+            self.cache.get('strip_level') == self._strip_buf
+            and self.cache.get('bus_level') == self._bus_buf
        )

    def clear_dirty(self) -> None:
@@ -138,9 +138,9 @@ class Remote(CBindings):
            while self.pdirty or self.mdirty:
                pass
        except CAPIError as e:
-            if not (e.fn_name == "VBVMR_MacroButton_IsDirty" and e.code == -9):
+            if not (e.fn_name == 'VBVMR_MacroButton_IsDirty' and e.code == -9):
                raise
-            self.logger.error(f"{e} clearing pdirty only.")
+            self.logger.error(f'{e} clearing pdirty only.')
            while self.pdirty:
                pass

@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ class Remote(CBindings):
        """Sets a string or float parameter. Caches value"""
        if isinstance(val, str):
            if len(val) >= 512:
-                raise VMError("String is too long")
+                raise VMError('String is too long')
            self.call(
                self.bind_set_parameter_string_w, param.encode(), ct.c_wchar_p(val)
            )
@@ -181,8 +181,8 @@ class Remote(CBindings):
                ct.c_long(mode),
            )
        except AttributeError as e:
-            self.logger.exception(f"{type(e).__name__}: {e}")
-            raise CAPIError("VBVMR_MacroButton_GetStatus", -9) from e
+            self.logger.exception(f'{type(e).__name__}: {e}')
+            raise CAPIError('VBVMR_MacroButton_GetStatus', -9) from e
        return int(c_state.value)

    def set_buttonstatus(self, id_: int, val: int, mode: int) -> None:
@@ -196,26 +196,26 @@ class Remote(CBindings):
                ct.c_long(mode),
            )
        except AttributeError as e:
-            self.logger.exception(f"{type(e).__name__}: {e}")
-            raise CAPIError("VBVMR_MacroButton_SetStatus", -9) from e
-        self.cache[f"mb_{id_}_{mode}"] = int(c_state.value)
+            self.logger.exception(f'{type(e).__name__}: {e}')
+            raise CAPIError('VBVMR_MacroButton_SetStatus', -9) from e
+        self.cache[f'mb_{id_}_{mode}'] = int(c_state.value)

    def get_num_devices(self, direction: str = None) -> int:
        """Retrieves number of physical devices connected"""
-        if direction not in ("in", "out"):
-            raise VMError("Expected a direction: in or out")
-        func = getattr(self, f"bind_{direction}put_get_device_number")
+        if direction not in ('in', 'out'):
+            raise VMError('Expected a direction: in or out')
+        func = getattr(self, f'bind_{direction}put_get_device_number')
        res = self.call(func, ok_exp=lambda r: r >= 0)
        return res

    def get_device_description(self, index: int, direction: str = None) -> tuple:
        """Returns a tuple of device parameters"""
-        if direction not in ("in", "out"):
-            raise VMError("Expected a direction: in or out")
+        if direction not in ('in', 'out'):
+            raise VMError('Expected a direction: in or out')
        type_ = ct.c_long()
        name = ct.create_unicode_buffer(256)
        hwid = ct.create_unicode_buffer(256)
-        func = getattr(self, f"bind_{direction}put_get_device_desc_w")
+        func = getattr(self, f'bind_{direction}put_get_device_desc_w')
        self.call(
            func,
            ct.c_long(index),
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ class Remote(CBindings):
        )
        if res > 0:
            vals = tuple(
-                grouper(3, (int.from_bytes(buf[i], "little") for i in range(res)))
+                grouper(3, (int.from_bytes(buf[i], 'little') for i in range(res)))
            )
            for msg in vals:
                ch, pitch, vel = msg
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ class Remote(CBindings):
    def sendtext(self, script: str):
        """Sets many parameters from a script"""
        if len(script) > 48000:
-            raise ValueError("Script too large, max size 48kB")
+            raise ValueError('Script too large, max size 48kB')
        self.call(self.bind_set_parameters, script.encode())
        time.sleep(self.DELAY * 5)

@@ -283,12 +283,15 @@ class Remote(CBindings):
        """

        def target(key):
-            match key.split("-"):
-                case ["strip" | "bus" | "button" as kls, index] if index.isnumeric():
+            match key.split('-'):
+                case ['strip' | 'bus' | 'button' as kls, index] if index.isnumeric():
                    target = getattr(self, kls)
                case [
-                    "vban",
-                    "in" | "instream" | "out" | "outstream" as direction,
+                    'vban',
+                    'in'
+                    | 'instream'
+                    | 'out'
+                    | 'outstream' as direction,
                    index,
                ] if index.isnumeric():
                    target = getattr(
@@ -306,20 +309,20 @@ class Remote(CBindings):
        """applies a config from memory"""
        ERR_MSG = (
            f"No config with name '{name}' is loaded into memory",
-            f"Known configs: {list(self.configs.keys())}",
+            f'Known configs: {list(self.configs.keys())}',
        )
        try:
            config = self.configs[name]
        except KeyError as e:
-            self.logger.error(("\n").join(ERR_MSG))
-            raise VMError(("\n").join(ERR_MSG)) from e
+            self.logger.error(('\n').join(ERR_MSG))
+            raise VMError(('\n').join(ERR_MSG)) from e

-        if "extends" in config:
-            extended = config["extends"]
+        if 'extends' in config:
+            extended = config['extends']
            config = {
                k: v
                for k, v in deep_merge(self.configs[extended], config)
-                if k not in ("extends")
+                if k not in ('extends')
            }
            self.logger.debug(
                f"profile '{name}' extends '{extended}', profiles merged.."
@@ -329,7 +332,7 @@ class Remote(CBindings):

    def end_thread(self):
        if not self.stopped():
-            self.logger.debug("events thread shutdown started")
+            self.logger.debug('events thread shutdown started')
            self.stop_event.set()
            self.producer.join()  # wait for producer thread to complete cycle

@@ -337,7 +340,7 @@ class Remote(CBindings):
        """Logout of the API"""
        time.sleep(0.1)
        self.call(self.bind_logout)
-        self.logger.info(f"{type(self).__name__}: Successfully logged out of {self}")
+        self.logger.info(f'{type(self).__name__}: Successfully logged out of {self}')

    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback) -> None:
        """teardown procedures"""
--- a/voicemeeterlib/strip.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/strip.py
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ from abc import abstractmethod
 from math import log
 from typing import Union

+from . import kinds
 from .iremote import IRemote
-from .kinds import kinds_all
 from .meta import bool_prop, device_prop, float_prop


@@ -21,62 +21,62 @@ class Strip(IRemote):

    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return f"strip[{self.index}]"
+        return f'strip[{self.index}]'

    @property
    def mono(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("mono") == 1
+        return self.getter('mono') == 1

    @mono.setter
    def mono(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("mono", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('mono', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def solo(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("solo") == 1
+        return self.getter('solo') == 1

    @solo.setter
    def solo(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("solo", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('solo', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def mute(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("mute") == 1
+        return self.getter('mute') == 1

    @mute.setter
    def mute(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("mute", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('mute', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def limit(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter("limit"))
+        return int(self.getter('limit'))

    @limit.setter
    def limit(self, val: int):
-        self.setter("limit", val)
+        self.setter('limit', val)

    @property
    def label(self) -> str:
-        return self.getter("Label", is_string=True)
+        return self.getter('Label', is_string=True)

    @label.setter
    def label(self, val: str):
-        self.setter("Label", str(val))
+        self.setter('Label', str(val))

    @property
    def gain(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("gain"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('gain'), 1)

    @gain.setter
    def gain(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("gain", val)
+        self.setter('gain', val)

    def fadeto(self, target: float, time_: int):
-        self.setter("FadeTo", f"({target}, {time_})")
+        self.setter('FadeTo', f'({target}, {time_})')
        time.sleep(self._remote.DELAY)

    def fadeby(self, change: float, time_: int):
-        self.setter("FadeBy", f"({change}, {time_})")
+        self.setter('FadeBy', f'({change}, {time_})')
        time.sleep(self._remote.DELAY)


@@ -90,203 +90,203 @@ class PhysicalStrip(Strip):
        """
        EFFECTS_cls = _make_effects_mixins(is_phys)[remote.kind.name]
        return type(
-            "PhysicalStrip",
+            'PhysicalStrip',
            (cls, EFFECTS_cls),
            {
-                "comp": StripComp(remote, i),
-                "gate": StripGate(remote, i),
-                "denoiser": StripDenoiser(remote, i),
-                "eq": StripEQ(remote, i),
-                "device": StripDevice.make(remote, i),
+                'comp': StripComp(remote, i),
+                'gate': StripGate(remote, i),
+                'denoiser': StripDenoiser(remote, i),
+                'eq': StripEQ(remote, i),
+                'device': StripDevice.make(remote, i),
            },
        )

    def __str__(self):
-        return f"{type(self).__name__}{self.index}"
+        return f'{type(self).__name__}{self.index}'

    @property
    def audibility(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("audibility"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('audibility'), 1)

    @audibility.setter
    def audibility(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("audibility", val)
+        self.setter('audibility', val)


 class StripComp(IRemote):
    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return f"Strip[{self.index}].comp"
+        return f'Strip[{self.index}].comp'

    @property
    def knob(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter(""), 1)
+        return round(self.getter(''), 1)

    @knob.setter
    def knob(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("", val)
+        self.setter('', val)

    @property
    def gainin(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("GainIn"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('GainIn'), 1)

    @gainin.setter
    def gainin(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("GainIn", val)
+        self.setter('GainIn', val)

    @property
    def ratio(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("Ratio"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('Ratio'), 1)

    @ratio.setter
    def ratio(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("Ratio", val)
+        self.setter('Ratio', val)

    @property
    def threshold(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("Threshold"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('Threshold'), 1)

    @threshold.setter
    def threshold(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("Threshold", val)
+        self.setter('Threshold', val)

    @property
    def attack(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("Attack"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('Attack'), 1)

    @attack.setter
    def attack(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("Attack", val)
+        self.setter('Attack', val)

    @property
    def release(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("Release"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('Release'), 1)

    @release.setter
    def release(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("Release", val)
+        self.setter('Release', val)

    @property
    def knee(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("Knee"), 2)
+        return round(self.getter('Knee'), 2)

    @knee.setter
    def knee(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("Knee", val)
+        self.setter('Knee', val)

    @property
    def gainout(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("GainOut"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('GainOut'), 1)

    @gainout.setter
    def gainout(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("GainOut", val)
+        self.setter('GainOut', val)

    @property
    def makeup(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("makeup") == 1
+        return self.getter('makeup') == 1

    @makeup.setter
    def makeup(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("makeup", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('makeup', 1 if val else 0)


 class StripGate(IRemote):
    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return f"Strip[{self.index}].gate"
+        return f'Strip[{self.index}].gate'

    @property
    def knob(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter(""), 1)
+        return round(self.getter(''), 1)

    @knob.setter
    def knob(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("", val)
+        self.setter('', val)

    @property
    def threshold(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("Threshold"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('Threshold'), 1)

    @threshold.setter
    def threshold(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("Threshold", val)
+        self.setter('Threshold', val)

    @property
    def damping(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("Damping"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('Damping'), 1)

    @damping.setter
    def damping(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("Damping", val)
+        self.setter('Damping', val)

    @property
    def bpsidechain(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter("BPSidechain"))
+        return int(self.getter('BPSidechain'))

    @bpsidechain.setter
    def bpsidechain(self, val: int):
-        self.setter("BPSidechain", val)
+        self.setter('BPSidechain', val)

    @property
    def attack(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("Attack"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('Attack'), 1)

    @attack.setter
    def attack(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("Attack", val)
+        self.setter('Attack', val)

    @property
    def hold(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("Hold"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('Hold'), 1)

    @hold.setter
    def hold(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("Hold", val)
+        self.setter('Hold', val)

    @property
    def release(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("Release"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('Release'), 1)

    @release.setter
    def release(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("Release", val)
+        self.setter('Release', val)


 class StripDenoiser(IRemote):
    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return f"Strip[{self.index}].denoiser"
+        return f'Strip[{self.index}].denoiser'

    @property
    def knob(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter(""), 1)
+        return round(self.getter(''), 1)

    @knob.setter
    def knob(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("", val)
+        self.setter('', val)


 class StripEQ(IRemote):
    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return f"Strip[{self.index}].eq"
+        return f'Strip[{self.index}].eq'

    @property
    def on(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("on") == 1
+        return self.getter('on') == 1

    @on.setter
    def on(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("on", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('on', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def ab(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("ab") == 1
+        return self.getter('ab') == 1

    @ab.setter
    def ab(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("ab", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('ab', 1 if val else 0)


 class StripDevice(IRemote):
@@ -298,16 +298,16 @@ class StripDevice(IRemote):
        Returns a StripDevice class of a kind.
        """
        DEVICE_cls = type(
-            f"StripDevice{remote.kind}",
+            f'StripDevice{remote.kind}',
            (cls,),
            {
                **{
                    param: device_prop(param)
                    for param in [
-                        "wdm",
-                        "ks",
-                        "mme",
-                        "asio",
+                        'wdm',
+                        'ks',
+                        'mme',
+                        'asio',
                    ]
                },
            },
@@ -316,15 +316,15 @@ class StripDevice(IRemote):

    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return f"Strip[{self.index}].device"
+        return f'Strip[{self.index}].device'

    @property
    def name(self) -> str:
-        return self.getter("name", is_string=True)
+        return self.getter('name', is_string=True)

    @property
    def sr(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter("sr"))
+        return int(self.getter('sr'))


 class VirtualStrip(Strip):
@@ -337,65 +337,65 @@ class VirtualStrip(Strip):
        """
        EFFECTS_cls = _make_effects_mixins(is_phys)[remote.kind.name]
        return type(
-            "VirtualStrip",
+            'VirtualStrip',
            (cls, EFFECTS_cls),
            {},
        )

    def __str__(self):
-        return f"{type(self).__name__}{self.index}"
+        return f'{type(self).__name__}{self.index}'

    @property
    def mc(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("mc") == 1
+        return self.getter('mc') == 1

    @mc.setter
    def mc(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("mc", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('mc', 1 if val else 0)

    mono = mc

    @property
    def k(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter("karaoke"))
+        return int(self.getter('karaoke'))

    @k.setter
    def k(self, val: int):
-        self.setter("karaoke", val)
+        self.setter('karaoke', val)

    @property
    def bass(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("EQGain1"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('EQGain1'), 1)

    @bass.setter
    def bass(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("EQGain1", val)
+        self.setter('EQGain1', val)

    @property
    def mid(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("EQGain2"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('EQGain2'), 1)

    @mid.setter
    def mid(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("EQGain2", val)
+        self.setter('EQGain2', val)

    med = mid

    @property
    def treble(self) -> float:
-        return round(self.getter("EQGain3"), 1)
+        return round(self.getter('EQGain3'), 1)

    high = treble

    @treble.setter
    def treble(self, val: float):
-        self.setter("EQGain3", val)
+        self.setter('EQGain3', val)

    def appgain(self, name: str, gain: float):
-        self.setter("AppGain", f'("{name}", {gain})')
+        self.setter('AppGain', f'("{name}", {gain})')

    def appmute(self, name: str, mute: bool = None):
-        self.setter("AppMute", f'("{name}", {1 if mute else 0})')
+        self.setter('AppMute', f'("{name}", {1 if mute else 0})')


 class StripLevel(IRemote):
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ class StripLevel(IRemote):
            return round(20 * log(x, 10), 1) if x > 0 else -200.0

        if not self._remote.stopped() and self._remote.event.ldirty:
-            vals = self._remote.cache["strip_level"][self.range[0] : self.range[-1]]
+            vals = self._remote.cache['strip_level'][self.range[0] : self.range[-1]]
        else:
            vals = [self._remote.get_level(mode, i) for i in range(*self.range)]

@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ class StripLevel(IRemote):

    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return f"Strip[{self.index}]"
+        return f'Strip[{self.index}]'

    @property
    def prefader(self) -> tuple:
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ def make_strip_level_map(kind):
    return phys_map + virt_map


-_make_strip_level_maps = {kind.name: make_strip_level_map(kind) for kind in kinds_all}
+_make_strip_level_maps = {kind.name: make_strip_level_map(kind) for kind in kinds.all}


 class GainLayer(IRemote):
@@ -477,24 +477,24 @@ class GainLayer(IRemote):

    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return f"Strip[{self.index}]"
+        return f'Strip[{self.index}]'

    @property
    def gain(self):
-        return self.getter(f"GainLayer[{self._i}]")
+        return self.getter(f'GainLayer[{self._i}]')

    @gain.setter
    def gain(self, val):
-        self.setter(f"GainLayer[{self._i}]", val)
+        self.setter(f'GainLayer[{self._i}]', val)


 def _make_gainlayer_mixin(remote, index):
    """Creates a GainLayer mixin"""
    return type(
-        "GainlayerMixin",
+        'GainlayerMixin',
        (),
        {
-            "gainlayer": tuple(
+            'gainlayer': tuple(
                GainLayer(remote, index, i) for i in range(remote.kind.num_bus)
            )
        },
@@ -504,17 +504,17 @@ def _make_gainlayer_mixin(remote, index):
 def _make_channelout_mixin(kind):
    """Creates a channel out property mixin"""
    return type(
-        f"ChannelOutMixin{kind}",
+        f'ChannelOutMixin{kind}',
        (),
        {
-            **{f"A{i}": bool_prop(f"A{i}") for i in range(1, kind.phys_out + 1)},
-            **{f"B{i}": bool_prop(f"B{i}") for i in range(1, kind.virt_out + 1)},
+            **{f'A{i}': bool_prop(f'A{i}') for i in range(1, kind.phys_out + 1)},
+            **{f'B{i}': bool_prop(f'B{i}') for i in range(1, kind.virt_out + 1)},
        },
    )


 _make_channelout_mixins = {
-    kind.name: _make_channelout_mixin(kind) for kind in kinds_all
+    kind.name: _make_channelout_mixin(kind) for kind in kinds.all
 }


@@ -522,12 +522,12 @@ def _make_effects_mixin(kind, is_phys):
    """creates an effects mixin for a kind"""

    def _make_xy_cls():
-        pan = {param: float_prop(param) for param in ["pan_x", "pan_y"]}
-        color = {param: float_prop(param) for param in ["color_x", "color_y"]}
-        fx = {param: float_prop(param) for param in ["fx_x", "fx_y"]}
+        pan = {param: float_prop(param) for param in ['pan_x', 'pan_y']}
+        color = {param: float_prop(param) for param in ['color_x', 'color_y']}
+        fx = {param: float_prop(param) for param in ['fx_x', 'fx_y']}
        if is_phys:
            return type(
-                "XYPhys",
+                'XYPhys',
                (),
                {
                    **pan,
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ def _make_effects_mixin(kind, is_phys):
                },
            )
        return type(
-            "XYVirt",
+            'XYVirt',
            (),
            {**pan},
        )
@@ -544,32 +544,32 @@ def _make_effects_mixin(kind, is_phys):
    def _make_fx_cls():
        if is_phys:
            return type(
-                "FX",
+                'FX',
                (),
                {
                    **{
                        param: float_prop(param)
-                        for param in ["reverb", "delay", "fx1", "fx2"]
+                        for param in ['reverb', 'delay', 'fx1', 'fx2']
                    },
                    **{
-                        f"post{param}": bool_prop(f"post{param}")
-                        for param in ["reverb", "delay", "fx1", "fx2"]
+                        f'post{param}': bool_prop(f'post{param}')
+                        for param in ['reverb', 'delay', 'fx1', 'fx2']
                    },
                },
            )
-        return type("FX", (), {})
+        return type('FX', (), {})

-    if kind.name == "basic":
+    if kind.name == 'basic':
        steps = (_make_xy_cls,)
-    elif kind.name == "banana":
+    elif kind.name == 'banana':
        steps = (_make_xy_cls,)
-    elif kind.name == "potato":
+    elif kind.name == 'potato':
        steps = (_make_xy_cls, _make_fx_cls)
-    return type(f"Effects{kind}", tuple(step() for step in steps), {})
+    return type(f'Effects{kind}', tuple(step() for step in steps), {})


 def _make_effects_mixins(is_phys):
-    return {kind.name: _make_effects_mixin(kind, is_phys) for kind in kinds_all}
+    return {kind.name: _make_effects_mixin(kind, is_phys) for kind in kinds.all}


 def strip_factory(is_phys_strip, remote, i) -> Union[PhysicalStrip, VirtualStrip]:
@@ -588,14 +588,14 @@ def strip_factory(is_phys_strip, remote, i) -> Union[PhysicalStrip, VirtualStrip
    CHANNELOUTMIXIN_cls = _make_channelout_mixins[remote.kind.name]

    _kls = (STRIP_cls, CHANNELOUTMIXIN_cls)
-    if remote.kind.name == "potato":
+    if remote.kind.name == 'potato':
        GAINLAYERMIXIN_cls = _make_gainlayer_mixin(remote, i)
        _kls += (GAINLAYERMIXIN_cls,)
    return type(
-        f"{STRIP_cls.__name__}{remote.kind}",
+        f'{STRIP_cls.__name__}{remote.kind}',
        _kls,
        {
-            "levels": StripLevel(remote, i),
+            'levels': StripLevel(remote, i),
        },
    )(remote, i)

--- a/voicemeeterlib/subject.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/subject.py
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ class Subject:
        """run callbacks on update"""

        for o in self._observers:
-            if hasattr(o, "on_update"):
+            if hasattr(o, 'on_update'):
                o.on_update(event)
            else:
-                if o.__name__ == f"on_{event}":
+                if o.__name__ == f'on_{event}':
                    o()

    def add(self, observer):
@@ -34,15 +34,15 @@ class Subject:
            for o in iterator:
                if o not in self._observers:
                    self._observers.append(o)
-                    self.logger.info(f"{o} added to event observers")
+                    self.logger.info(f'{o} added to event observers')
                else:
-                    self.logger.error(f"Failed to add {o} to event observers")
+                    self.logger.error(f'Failed to add {o} to event observers')
        except TypeError:
            if observer not in self._observers:
                self._observers.append(observer)
-                self.logger.info(f"{observer} added to event observers")
+                self.logger.info(f'{observer} added to event observers')
            else:
-                self.logger.error(f"Failed to add {observer} to event observers")
+                self.logger.error(f'Failed to add {observer} to event observers')

    register = add

@@ -54,15 +54,15 @@ class Subject:
            for o in iterator:
                try:
                    self._observers.remove(o)
-                    self.logger.info(f"{o} removed from event observers")
+                    self.logger.info(f'{o} removed from event observers')
                except ValueError:
-                    self.logger.error(f"Failed to remove {o} from event observers")
+                    self.logger.error(f'Failed to remove {o} from event observers')
        except TypeError:
            try:
                self._observers.remove(observer)
-                self.logger.info(f"{observer} removed from event observers")
+                self.logger.info(f'{observer} removed from event observers')
            except ValueError:
-                self.logger.error(f"Failed to remove {observer} from event observers")
+                self.logger.error(f'Failed to remove {observer} from event observers')

    deregister = remove

--- a/voicemeeterlib/updater.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/updater.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class Producer(threading.Thread):
    """Continously send job queue to the Updater thread at a rate of self._remote.ratelimit."""

    def __init__(self, remote, queue, stop_event):
-        super().__init__(name="producer", daemon=False)
+        super().__init__(name='producer', daemon=False)
        self._remote = remote
        self.queue = queue
        self.stop_event = stop_event
@@ -23,35 +23,35 @@ class Producer(threading.Thread):
    def run(self):
        while not self.stopped():
            if self._remote.event.pdirty:
-                self.queue.put("pdirty")
+                self.queue.put('pdirty')
            if self._remote.event.mdirty:
-                self.queue.put("mdirty")
+                self.queue.put('mdirty')
            if self._remote.event.midi:
-                self.queue.put("midi")
+                self.queue.put('midi')
            if self._remote.event.ldirty:
-                self.queue.put("ldirty")
+                self.queue.put('ldirty')
            time.sleep(self._remote.ratelimit)
-        self.logger.debug(f"terminating {self.name} thread")
+        self.logger.debug(f'terminating {self.name} thread')
        self.queue.put(None)


 class Updater(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, remote, queue):
-        super().__init__(name="updater", daemon=True)
+        super().__init__(name='updater', daemon=True)
        self._remote = remote
        self.queue = queue
        self._remote._strip_comp = [False] * (self._remote.kind.num_strip_levels)
        self._remote._bus_comp = [False] * (self._remote.kind.num_bus_levels)
        (
-            self._remote.cache["strip_level"],
-            self._remote.cache["bus_level"],
+            self._remote.cache['strip_level'],
+            self._remote.cache['bus_level'],
        ) = self._remote._get_levels()
        self.logger = logger.getChild(self.__class__.__name__)

    def _update_comps(self, strip_level, bus_level):
        self._remote._strip_comp, self._remote._bus_comp = (
-            tuple(not x for x in comp(self._remote.cache["strip_level"], strip_level)),
-            tuple(not x for x in comp(self._remote.cache["bus_level"], bus_level)),
+            tuple(not x for x in comp(self._remote.cache['strip_level'], strip_level)),
+            tuple(not x for x in comp(self._remote.cache['bus_level'], bus_level)),
        )

    def run(self):
@@ -61,15 +61,15 @@ class Updater(threading.Thread):
        Generate _strip_comp, _bus_comp and update level cache if ldirty.
        """
        while event := self.queue.get():
-            if event == "pdirty" and self._remote.pdirty:
+            if event == 'pdirty' and self._remote.pdirty:
                self._remote.subject.notify(event)
-            elif event == "mdirty" and self._remote.mdirty:
+            elif event == 'mdirty' and self._remote.mdirty:
                self._remote.subject.notify(event)
-            elif event == "midi" and self._remote.get_midi_message():
+            elif event == 'midi' and self._remote.get_midi_message():
                self._remote.subject.notify(event)
-            elif event == "ldirty" and self._remote.ldirty:
+            elif event == 'ldirty' and self._remote.ldirty:
                self._update_comps(self._remote._strip_buf, self._remote._bus_buf)
-                self._remote.cache["strip_level"] = self._remote._strip_buf
-                self._remote.cache["bus_level"] = self._remote._bus_buf
+                self._remote.cache['strip_level'] = self._remote._strip_buf
+                self._remote.cache['bus_level'] = self._remote._bus_buf
                self._remote.subject.notify(event)
-        self.logger.debug(f"terminating {self.name} thread")
+        self.logger.debug(f'terminating {self.name} thread')
--- a/voicemeeterlib/util.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/util.py
@@ -22,16 +22,16 @@ def timeout(func):
            try:
                time.sleep(0.1)  # ensure at least 0.1 delay before clearing dirty
                remote.logger.info(
-                    f"{type(remote).__name__}: Successfully logged into {remote} version {remote.version}"
+                    f'{type(remote).__name__}: Successfully logged into {remote} version {remote.version}'
                )
-                remote.logger.debug(f"login time: {round(time.time() - start, 2)}")
+                remote.logger.debug(f'login time: {round(time.time() - start, 2)}')
                err = None
                break
            except CAPIError as e:
                err = e
                continue
        if err:
-            raise VMError("Timeout logging into the api")
+            raise VMError('Timeout logging into the api')
        remote.clear_dirty()

    return wrapper
@@ -48,15 +48,15 @@ def polling(func):

    @functools.wraps(func)
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
-        get = func.__name__ == "get"
-        mb_get = func.__name__ == "get_buttonstatus"
+        get = func.__name__ == 'get'
+        mb_get = func.__name__ == 'get_buttonstatus'
        remote, *remaining = args

        if get:
            param, *rem = remaining
        elif mb_get:
            id, mode, *rem = remaining
-            param = f"mb_{id}_{mode}"
+            param = f'mb_{id}_{mode}'

        if param in remote.cache:
            return remote.cache.pop(param)
@@ -73,15 +73,15 @@ def script(func):
    def wrapper(*args):
        remote, script = args
        if isinstance(script, dict):
-            params = ""
+            params = ''
            for key, val in script.items():
-                obj, m2, *rem = key.split("-")
+                obj, m2, *rem = key.split('-')
                index = int(m2) if m2.isnumeric() else int(*rem)
-                params += ";".join(
+                params += ';'.join(
                    f"{obj}{f'.{m2}stream' if not m2.isnumeric() else ''}[{index}].{k}={int(v) if isinstance(v, bool) else v}"
                    for k, v in val.items()
                )
-                params += ";"
+                params += ';'
            script = params
        return func(remote, script)

--- a/voicemeeterlib/vban.py
+++ b/voicemeeterlib/vban.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from abc import abstractmethod

+from . import kinds
 from .iremote import IRemote
-from .kinds import kinds_all


 class VbanStream(IRemote):
@@ -17,94 +17,94 @@ class VbanStream(IRemote):

    @property
    def identifier(self) -> str:
-        return f"vban.{self.direction}stream[{self.index}]"
+        return f'vban.{self.direction}stream[{self.index}]'

    @property
    def on(self) -> bool:
-        return self.getter("on") == 1
+        return self.getter('on') == 1

    @on.setter
    def on(self, val: bool):
-        self.setter("on", 1 if val else 0)
+        self.setter('on', 1 if val else 0)

    @property
    def name(self) -> str:
-        return self.getter("name", is_string=True)
+        return self.getter('name', is_string=True)

    @name.setter
    def name(self, val: str):
-        self.setter("name", val)
+        self.setter('name', val)

    @property
    def ip(self) -> str:
-        return self.getter("ip", is_string=True)
+        return self.getter('ip', is_string=True)

    @ip.setter
    def ip(self, val: str):
-        self.setter("ip", val)
+        self.setter('ip', val)

    @property
    def port(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter("port"))
+        return int(self.getter('port'))

    @port.setter
    def port(self, val: int):
        if not 1024 <= val <= 65535:
            self.logger.warning(
-                f"port got: {val} but expected a value from 1024 to 65535"
+                f'port got: {val} but expected a value from 1024 to 65535'
            )
-        self.setter("port", val)
+        self.setter('port', val)

    @property
    def sr(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter("sr"))
+        return int(self.getter('sr'))

    @sr.setter
    def sr(self, val: int):
        opts = (11025, 16000, 22050, 24000, 32000, 44100, 48000, 64000, 88200, 96000)
        if val not in opts:
-            self.logger.warning(f"sr got: {val} but expected a value in {opts}")
-        self.setter("sr", val)
+            self.logger.warning(f'sr got: {val} but expected a value in {opts}')
+        self.setter('sr', val)

    @property
    def channel(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter("channel"))
+        return int(self.getter('channel'))

    @channel.setter
    def channel(self, val: int):
        if not 1 <= val <= 8:
-            self.logger.warning(f"channel got: {val} but expected a value from 1 to 8")
-        self.setter("channel", val)
+            self.logger.warning(f'channel got: {val} but expected a value from 1 to 8')
+        self.setter('channel', val)

    @property
    def bit(self) -> int:
-        return 16 if (int(self.getter("bit") == 1)) else 24
+        return 16 if (int(self.getter('bit') == 1)) else 24

    @bit.setter
    def bit(self, val: int):
        if val not in (16, 24):
-            self.logger.warning(f"bit got: {val} but expected value 16 or 24")
-        self.setter("bit", 1 if (val == 16) else 2)
+            self.logger.warning(f'bit got: {val} but expected value 16 or 24')
+        self.setter('bit', 1 if (val == 16) else 2)

    @property
    def quality(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter("quality"))
+        return int(self.getter('quality'))

    @quality.setter
    def quality(self, val: int):
        if not 0 <= val <= 4:
-            self.logger.warning(f"quality got: {val} but expected a value from 0 to 4")
-        self.setter("quality", val)
+            self.logger.warning(f'quality got: {val} but expected a value from 0 to 4')
+        self.setter('quality', val)

    @property
    def route(self) -> int:
-        return int(self.getter("route"))
+        return int(self.getter('route'))

    @route.setter
    def route(self, val: int):
        if not 0 <= val <= 8:
-            self.logger.warning(f"route got: {val} but expected a value from 0 to 8")
-        self.setter("route", val)
+            self.logger.warning(f'route got: {val} but expected a value from 0 to 8')
+        self.setter('route', val)


 class VbanInstream(VbanStream):
@@ -115,11 +115,11 @@ class VbanInstream(VbanStream):
    """

    def __str__(self):
-        return f"{type(self).__name__}{self._remote.kind}{self.index}"
+        return f'{type(self).__name__}{self._remote.kind}{self.index}'

    @property
    def direction(self) -> str:
-        return "in"
+        return 'in'

    @property
    def sr(self) -> int:
@@ -154,11 +154,11 @@ class VbanOutstream(VbanStream):
    """

    def __str__(self):
-        return f"{type(self).__name__}{self._remote.kind}{self.index}"
+        return f'{type(self).__name__}{self._remote.kind}{self.index}'

    @property
    def direction(self) -> str:
-        return "out"
+        return 'out'


 class VbanAudioOutstream(VbanOutstream):
@@ -174,27 +174,27 @@ def _make_stream_pair(remote, kind):

    def _make_cls(i, direction):
        match direction:
-            case "in":
+            case 'in':
                if i < num_instream:
                    return VbanAudioInstream(remote, i)
                elif i < num_instream + num_midi:
                    return VbanMidiInstream(remote, i)
                else:
                    return VbanTextInstream(remote, i)
-            case "out":
+            case 'out':
                if i < num_outstream:
                    return VbanAudioOutstream(remote, i)
                else:
                    return VbanMidiOutstream(remote, i)

    return (
-        tuple(_make_cls(i, "in") for i in range(num_instream + num_midi + num_text)),
-        tuple(_make_cls(i, "out") for i in range(num_outstream + num_midi)),
+        tuple(_make_cls(i, 'in') for i in range(num_instream + num_midi + num_text)),
+        tuple(_make_cls(i, 'out') for i in range(num_outstream + num_midi)),
    )


 def _make_stream_pairs(remote):
-    return {kind.name: _make_stream_pair(remote, kind) for kind in kinds_all}
+    return {kind.name: _make_stream_pair(remote, kind) for kind in kinds.all}


 class Vban:
@@ -209,10 +209,10 @@ class Vban:
        self.instream, self.outstream = _make_stream_pairs(remote)[remote.kind.name]

    def enable(self):
-        self.remote.set("vban.Enable", 1)
+        self.remote.set('vban.Enable', 1)

    def disable(self):
-        self.remote.set("vban.Enable", 0)
+        self.remote.set('vban.Enable', 0)


 def vban_factory(remote) -> Vban:
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ def vban_factory(remote) -> Vban:
    Returns a class that represents the VBAN module.
    """
    VBAN_cls = Vban
-    return type(f"{VBAN_cls.__name__}", (VBAN_cls,), {})(remote)
+    return type(f'{VBAN_cls.__name__}', (VBAN_cls,), {})(remote)


 def request_vban_obj(remote) -> Vban:
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Onyx and Iris	e21a458c6f	add py13 to tox envlist upd Run tests section in README.	2025-02-13 10:59:20 +00:00
Onyx and Iris	b79d9494a2	rename test poe scripts add passenv = * to [testenv]	2025-01-25 01:49:18 +00:00
Onyx and Iris	328bea347c	upd python-requires	2025-01-16 20:22:34 +00:00
Onyx and Iris	38bd284ba6	upd examples	2025-01-16 14:51:20 +00:00
Onyx and Iris	da1d5132a8	re-run through ruff formatter	2025-01-15 12:40:31 +00:00
Onyx and Iris	7b725a51e3	update examples	2025-01-15 12:34:31 +00:00
Onyx and Iris	cf7301712c	remake pyproject with poetry 2	2025-01-15 12:30:27 +00:00
Onyx and Iris	a6f52be9ac	freeze dataclasses import kinds as namespace	2025-01-15 12:08:14 +00:00
Onyx and Iris	01633f06da	add poethepoet to poetry.requires-plugins	2025-01-12 12:50:06 +00:00
Onyx and Iris	79a0c93466	move example/test scripts into poe.tasks	2025-01-12 11:53:34 +00:00
Onyx and Iris	c1b2a543cc	remove black, isort from dev dependencies. Just use ruff.	2025-01-05 08:33:56 +00:00