class Subject: """Adds support for observers""" def __init__(self): """list of current observers""" self._observers = list() def notify(self, modifier=None): """run callbacks on update""" [o.on_update(modifier) for o in self._observers] def add(self, observer): """adds an observer to _observers""" if observer not in self._observers: self._observers.append(observer) def remove(self, observer): """removes an observer from _observers""" try: self._observers.remove(observer) except ValueError: print(f"{observer} not in observers (ungridded)") def get(self) -> list: """returns the current _observers""" return self._observers def clear(self): """clears the _observers list""" self._observers.clear()